ArticleThe Journal of infectious diseases2025
Evaluation of Immunization Route in Induction of Vaccine-Mediated Anti-Gonococcal Immune Responses in a Murine Model of Ascending Infection.
Article in The Journal of infectious diseases, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Innate Immune Protection Against HIV in the Female Genital Tract.American journal of reproductive immunology (New York, N.Y. : 1989) · 2026Review
- Gonococcal outer membrane vesicle vaccines: bacterial population biology, clinical trials, immune profiling, and vaccine design.NPJ vaccines · 2026Review
- Automated endpoint titer ELISAs for high-throughput immunogenicity evaluations using a BioMek i7 liquid handler.SLAS technology · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
16 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundIdentification of immune correlates in murine gonorrhea models has been hampered by study-dependent differences in vaccine antigens and administration routes. We previously showed that detergent-detoxified outer membrane vesicles (dOMVs) isolated from a PorA-, PorB-, and RmpM-deficient meningococcal strain (ΔABR) elicit antibodies that cross-react with Neisseria gonorrhoeae and enhance gonococcal clearance in a mouse model of lower reproductive tract infection. In this study, we investigated whether (1) ΔABR dOMVs can protect mice from ascending gonococcal infection and (2) vaccination route influences immune responses.
methodsMice were vaccinated subcutaneously (SC) or intraperitoneally (IP) and then vaginally inoculated with gonococci. Bioburden of mice was measured and assessed relative to ΔABR dOMV-induced cellular and humoral immune responses.
resultsSubcutaneous and intraperitoneal vaccination accelerated gonococcal clearance from the lower and upper reproductive tract at similar rates. Probing of gonococcal protein microarrays with immune sera from the 2 groups identified multiple vaccine targets that were commonly immunogenic. Despite comparable clearance patterns in vaccinated mice, differences in immune induction were observed that were dependent on administration route. SC immunized mice demonstrated a neutrophil influx that correlated with decreased vaginal bioburden; higher serum bactericidal activity against nonsialylated gonococci was also noted. In contrast, IP immunization induced higher serum and vaginal IgA levels, serum bactericidal activity against sialylated gonococci, and antigonococcal opsonophagocytic killing activity of neutrophils.
conclusionsThis work demonstrates that ΔABR dOMVs protect against ascending gonococcal infection and that cellular and functional antibody responses to the same candidate vaccine may vary depending on immunization route.
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