Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40971041›Full record

ArticleAnnals of surgical oncology2025

Defining Low Muscle Mass in Cancer Patients: Sex-Specific Computed Tomography-Derived Cutoff Values and Survival Impact-A Multicenter Cohort Study.

Kazuyoshi Yamamoto, Yukinori Kurokawa, Satoshi Hattori, Yoshiro Yukawa, Takeshi Omori, Ryota Matsui, Daisuke Ichikawa, Yoshitomo Yanagimoto, Takashi Oshima, Takashi Kamei and 6 more

Abstract read
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Annals of surgical oncology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Trial
  2. Identification of patients at risk for poor survival among those with normal skeletal muscle mass: a multicenter retrospective validation study in gastric cancer.Gastric cancer : official journal of the International Gastric Cancer Association and the Japanese Gastric Cancer Association · 2026
    Article
  3. Nutritional prehabilitation strategies in abdominal surgery.Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care · 2026
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

16 authors.

Kazuyoshi YamamotoDepartment of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Osaka, Suita, Japan. kyamamoto13@gesurg.med.osaka-u.ac.jp.
Yukinori KurokawaDepartment of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Osaka, Suita, Japan.
Satoshi HattoriDepartment of Biomedical Statistics, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Osaka, Suita, Japan.
Yoshiro YukawaDepartment of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Osaka, Suita, Japan.
Takeshi OmoriDepartment of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka, Japan.
Ryota MatsuiDepartment of Gastroenterological Surgery, Cancer Institute Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.
Daisuke IchikawaFirst Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Kofu, Yamanashi, Japan.
Yoshitomo YanagimotoDepartment of Surgery, Toyonaka Municipal Hospital, Toyonaka, Japan.
Takashi OshimaDepartment of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Kanagawa Cancer Center, Yokohama, Japan.
Takashi KameiDepartment of Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.
Hiroya TakeuchiDepartment of Surgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan.
Yoshihiro NabeyaDivision of Esophago-Gastrointestinal Surgery, Chiba Cancer Center, Chiba, Japan.
Masaki KaiboriDepartment of Surgery, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Japan.
Naoki HikiDepartment of Upper Gastrointestinal Surgery, School of Medicine, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Japan.
Hidetoshi EguchiDepartment of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Osaka, Suita, Japan.
Yuichiro DokiDepartment of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Osaka, Suita, Japan.

Funding

Wellcome Trust 202201
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundLow skeletal muscle mass is associated with adverse cancer outcomes and is a key diagnostic criterion for malnutrition in the Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition, emphasizing the importance of muscle mass assessment. This study aimed to establish sex-specific cutoff values for skeletal/psoas muscle mass index (SMI/PMI), calculated from computed tomography, in cancer patients for predicting prognosis.

methodsIn this multicenter cohort study, preoperative SMI and PMI were analyzed in patients with gastric cancer who underwent gastrectomy without preoperative therapy between 2011 and 2016. Using 80% of the cases as a training set, sex-specific cutoffs for overall survival (OS) were determined via the optimal stratification method, adjusted for age and stage. The remaining 20% were used to validate OS differences between high and low muscle-mass groups.

resultsOf 3841 registered patients from 17 hospitals, 3797 were analyzed. Spline plots showed a strong association between lower muscle mass and worse OS in males, but a weaker association in females. The SMI cutoffs were 40 cm

conclusionsThe proposed cutoffs may facilitate the early identification of muscle loss or malnutrition, supporting timely intervention. The observed sex differences highlight the necessity to develop sex-specific strategies for nutritional and muscle mass management during cancer treatment.

Identifiers

PMID40971041

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.