Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40970593›Full record

ReviewJournal of clinical nursing2026

Which Cultural Safety Strategies Are Making a Difference? Exploring Hospital Initiatives for First Nations Peoples in Australia. A Scoping Review.

Kate Fowler, Mary O'Loughlin

Abstract readScoping ReviewReview
In one paragraph

Review in Journal of clinical nursing, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Interventions to improve Cultural Safety in healthcare in CANZUS countries: a systematic mixed studies review of First Nations Peoples' experiences.International journal for quality in health care : journal of the International Society for Quality in Health Care · 2026
    Pooled it
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Kate FowlerCollege of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, Cairns, Queensland, Australia.
Mary O'LoughlinCollege of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, Cairns, Queensland, Australia.ORCID 0000-0003-2711-2814

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

aimTo explore the barriers, facilitators, and outcomes of strategies that have been implemented to improve the experience of cultural safety for First Nations inpatients in the Australian hospital setting.

designScoping review.

methodsGuided by the Joanna Briggs Institute scoping review methodology and reported using PRISMA-ScR, six databases were searched with data extracted and synthesised. DATA SOURCES: Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Emcare, Informit, Medline, ProQuest and Scopus databases. Searches were undertaken in March 2024.

resultsForty-three articles representing 39 studies were included. Strategies were categorised as governance, service delivery, hospital environment, clinician education, and First Nations workforce. First Nations researchers were co-authors in most studies, and emergent themes were grounded in First Nations priorities, with an emphasis on developing the First Nations health workforce. Findings included (i) First Nations health staff being identified as cultural brokers between First Nations patients and non-First Nations clinicians; (ii) experiences of cultural safety being amplified when First Nations and non-First Nations health staff worked together; and (iii) strong governance being critical to addressing institutional racism and enabling cultural safety.

conclusionsEmbedding the voice of First Nations peoples in governance and an organisational commitment to strengthening the First Nations workforce are essential drivers for implementing cultural safety strategies in Australian hospitals. IMPLICATIONS FOR THE PROFESSION AND/OR PATIENT CARE: Working together respectfully and collaboratively offers a pathway forward for First Nations and non-First Nations health service clinicians and management to deliver culturally safe hospital care. IMPACT: Culturally safe hospital care is integral to promoting the health of First Nations people. This study maps cultural safety strategies used in the Australian inpatient hospital setting, explores if and how these strategies have improved cultural safety and identifies barriers and facilitators to implementation. Fostering approaches to support understanding and respect between First Nations and non-First Nations clinicians and staff is integral to promoting culturally safe hospital care. Hospital leadership, policymakers and staff can benefit from understanding the drivers of culturally safe hospital care. REPORTING

methodReported using PRISMA-ScR. PATIENT OR PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION: Guidance on this research was received from Aboriginal leaders at the first author's hospital workplace. PROTOCOL REGISTRATION: A research protocol was prepared in advance and registered: https://osf.io/sfzby/?view_only=03c2349ebdae4a7ba95a621d9b7e8bc4.

Indexed as

Cultural CompetencyHealth Services, IndigenousHospitalsAustraliaHumansPatient SafetyAustraliahealth promotionhealth workforceinpatientssystemic racism

Identifiers

PMID40970593
PMCPMC12862566

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.