Observational studyJournal of the American Heart Association2025
Associations of Immune Cell Subsets With Coronary Artery Calcium Incidence and Progression in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis.
Observational study in Journal of the American Heart Association, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Aging-related immune phenotypes are associated with subclinical coronary atherosclerosis in a middle-aged population: a subcohort of the Swedish CArdioPulmonary bioImage Study.Immunity & ageing : I & A · 2026Article
- Relationships Between Circulating Lipids, Lipoproteins, and Lymphocyte Subsets in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis.Global heart · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
18 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundLimited data exist on associations of immune cell subsets with longitudinal changes in subclinical coronary artery disease.
methodsIn the MESA (Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis) study, we used a case-cohort approach to explore associations of 28 immune cell subsets measured at baseline (2000-2002) with longitudinal changes in coronary artery calcium (CAC). We examined incident CAC from examination 2 (2002-2004) through examination 5 (2010-2012) in participants with 0 CAC at baseline using multivariable-adjusted Cox regression. In participants with CAC >0 at baseline, we analyzed changes in CAC through examination 5 using multivariable-adjusted linear mixed models. Because no studies have investigated immune cells and longitudinal CAC changes, analyses were considered exploratory, with
resultsOf 975 participants with immune cells subsets and CAC measurements at baseline, 378 had CAC 0 at baseline (mean age, 58.4; 37.0% men) and 597 had CAC >0 at baseline (mean age, 65.7; 57.6% men). Natural killer cells were associated with higher incident CAC (hazard ratio [HR], 1.26 per SD higher natural killer cell proportion;
conclusionsNatural killer cells may be associated with incident CAC and T regulatory cells may be associated with attenuated CAC progression, among other findings. These warrant replication and experimental investigation.
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Registered trials
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