Trial reportJournal of the American Heart Association2025
Effect of Varying Quantities of Lean Beef as Part of a Mediterranean-Style Dietary Pattern on Gut Microbiota and Plasma, Fecal, and Urinary Metabolites: A Randomized Crossover Controlled Feeding Trial.
Trial report in Journal of the American Heart Association, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT02723617 (The Dose-Response Effects of Lean Beef in a Mediterranean-Style Dietary Pattern on Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors), which is not on this map. Cited by 1 paper, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
The Dose-Response Effects of Lean Beef in a Mediterranean-Style Dietary Pattern on Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Pooled it
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundConsumption of trimethylamine
methodsThis randomized, 4-period crossover, controlled-feeding study investigated the effects of Mediterranean-style (MED) diets (carbohydrate 42%, protein 17%, fat 41%) with 14 (MED0.5; 0.5 oz), 71 (MED2.5; 2.5 oz), and 156 (MED5.5; 5.5 oz) g/day/2000 kcal of lean beef, compared with an average American diet (AAD; carbohydrate 52%, protein 15%, fat 33%; 71 g/day/2000 kcal beef), on gut microbiota composition and plasma, urinary, and fecal metabolites including TMAO and precursor molecules. Thirty generally healthy individuals consumed each diet for 4 weeks with a ≥1-week washout. Fasting blood samples, 24-hour urine samples, and fecal samples were collected at baseline and at the end of each 4-week diet period. Metabolites were measured by proton nuclear magnetic resonance and liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry. Gut microbiota composition was measured using amplicon sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene.
resultsThe 3 MED diets increased gut microbiota diversity compared with the AAD. Plasma TMAO was higher following the AAD compared with the MED0.5 (mean fold difference, 1.78 [95% CI, 1.05-3.06]) and MED2.5 (2.04 [95% CI, 1.18-3.52]). Urinary TMAO was higher following the AAD compared with the MED0.5 (1.88 [95% CI, 1.19-2.97]), MED2.5 (2.15 [95% CI, 1.37- 3.39]), and MED5.5 (1.76 [95% CI, 1.12-2.77]).
conclusionsCompared with an AAD, inclusion of up to 71 g/day of lean beef in a Mediterranean-style diet increased gut microbiota diversity and lowered TMAO concentrations in healthy adults. REGISTRATION: URL: https://clinicaltrials.gov; Unique identifier: NCT02723617.
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