Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40970513›Full record

ArticleMicrobial biotechnology2025

Understanding Bacterial Antiviral Defence Systems and Phage Receptors to Better Inform Rational Phage Cocktail Design to Treat Bacterial Canker.

Kieran Cooney-Nutley, Sneha Chakravorty, Imogen Nix, Ziyue Zeng, Shannon F Greer, Mojgan Rabiey

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Microbial biotechnology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Kieran Cooney-NutleySchool of Life Sciences, Gibbet Hill Campus, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK.
Sneha ChakravortySchool of Life Sciences, Gibbet Hill Campus, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK.
Imogen NixSchool of Life Sciences, Gibbet Hill Campus, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK.
Ziyue ZengSchool of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
Shannon F GreerSchool of Life Sciences, Gibbet Hill Campus, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK.
Mojgan RabieySchool of Life Sciences, Gibbet Hill Campus, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8463-9087

Funding

The Royal Society RG\R1\241172University of Warwick Start up fund
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Pseudomonas syringae is a plant pathogen complex responsible for bacterial canker in cherry. In the absence of any control measures, bacteriophages (phages) have the potential for biocontrol. However, it is crucial to first evaluate the role of bacterial antiviral defence systems (ADS) in phage infection dynamics for careful design of a phage cocktail (mixture). Investigating 250 Pseudomonas strains revealed the Ps complex possessed diverse ADS with defence profiles being influenced by phylogeny. Phage host range assays revealed five MR phages with distinct genotypes possessed strong lytic activity against several bacterial canker-causing Ps pathovars, including syringae and morsprunorum race 1 and 2. Phage susceptibility and resistance appeared to be associated with individual ADS rather than defence profiles as a whole. Multisequence alignment of lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis genes glucose-1-phosphate thymidylyltransferase (gpt), glycosyltransferase family 1 (gst1) and lipopolysaccharide kinase (lpk) found these potential receptor genes to be highly conserved within Ps phylogroups. However, gpt alone appeared to influence phage infectivity. Our findings indicate that the gpt gene is a potential primary predictor of MR phage susceptibility, hypothesised to influence phage absorption, while individual ADS only have a secondary role in phage resistance. This study highlights that understanding the genetic mechanisms underlying phage-bacterial interactions is crucial for designing more effective phage cocktails capable of targeting a broader range of pathogenic strains, but phage screening still is a powerful tool to select phages for biocontrol treatments.

Indexed as

BacteriophagesPlant DiseasesPseudomonas PhagesPseudomonas syringaeReceptors, VirusHost SpecificityPhylogenyReceptors, Virusantiviral defence systembacteriophagehost rangelipopolysaccharidePrunus aviumPseudomonas syringae

Identifiers

PMID40970513
PMCPMC12447246

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.