ArticleQatar medical journal2025
Seroprevalence of celiac disease antibodies in blood donors.
Article in Qatar medical journal, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Background: Celiac disease (CD) is a chronic immune-mediated disorder of the digestive system triggered by gluten ingestion among genetically predisposed individuals. It is a chronic disease that causes malnutrition, but it is a non-fatal condition. A significant proportion of cases remain undiagnosed due to asymptomatic or nonspecific presentations, contributing to delayed diagnosis and long-term complications. CD is not a contraindication for blood donation. This study aims to determine the seroprevalence of CD antibodies and the prevalence of biopsy-proven CD among blood donors. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 1,497 blood donors (≥18 years) at Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar, between 2018 and 2022. Serum anti-tissue transglutaminase IgA (anti-tTG IgA) and anti-endomysial IgA (anti-EM IgA) antibodies were measured in enrolled blood donors. Individuals with positive results for either antibody underwent esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) with duodenal biopsies to confirm the diagnosis. Results: Serological testing revealed a seroprevalence of 0.8% (95% CI, 0.4%-1.4%) for anti-tTG IgA, with 83.3% of these individuals also being positive for anti-EM IgA. All seropositive individuals were male. Of 12 seropositive individuals, 4 (33%) consented to EGD and duodenal biopsy. Histological findings confirmed CD in two cases (50% of seropositive individuals who consented to biopsy). Both confirmed cases exhibited Marsh grade 2 changes. Conclusion: The seroprevalence of CD antibodies among healthy blood donors was 0.8%, and biopsy-proven CD was 50% among seropositive individuals who consented to EGD. These findings highlight the presence of undiagnosed CD in this population, predominantly in males, and underscore the need for further community-based studies to assess the true prevalence and clinical implications of CD.
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