ArticleClinical and experimental pediatrics2025
Cytokine profile of Post-cardiopulmonary bypass in children.
Article in Clinical and experimental pediatrics, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed.
- The Role of Cytokines in Vascular Endothelial Glycocalyx Integrity and Impairment Following Open-Heart Surgery.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Evaluation of cytokine analytical performance and optimization of quality control strategies using the six sigma model: a multicenter study.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- Time-dependent responses of brain injury biomarkers after severe cerebral desaturation in paediatric patients during cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass: a single-centre observational cohort study.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2026Article
- Near-infrared spectroscopy cerebral oximetry in pediatric congenital heart disease with cardiopulmonary bypass: a narrative review of current evidence and neuroprotection.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2026Review
- Pediatric heart failure in the era of cardio-immunology: inflammatory-immune context phenotypes, diagnosis, and targeted management.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Establishment of reference intervals for plasma IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, and IL-1β in healthy adults from Lianyungang, Jiangsu, China: a single-center flow cytometry analysis.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- Immunomodulatory effects of nerve stimulator-guided brachial plexus block with laryngeal mask general anesthesia in pediatric upper limb surgery.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2026Article
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6 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundOpen cardiac surgery involving cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) triggers a systemic inflammatory response that significantly affects clinical outcomes. However, the dynamics and specific roles of cytokine release after CPB in the pediatric population remain unclear. PURPOSE: To evaluate the dynamics of cytokine levels and their association with low cardiac output syndrome (LCOS)-related outcomes.
methodsA prospective observational cohort study was conducted of 32 children who underwent elective open cardiac surgery with CPB at Songklanagarind Hospital, Thailand. Levels of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α were analyzed preoperatively and immediately (T0), 6, 12, and 24 hours after intensive care unit admission. LCOS-related outcomes were defined with at least two of the following criteria being met within 24 hours postoperative: clinical and laboratory parameters, vasopressor-inotropic score ≥20, ejection fraction <50% on echocardiography; and requirement for a serious postoperative intervention. Statistical analyses utilized linear mixed models and multivariate logistic regression to identify the independent predictors of LCOS.
resultsThe mean patient age was 34.8±34.4 months; 56.2 % were male. Roughly one-third (37.5%) had a history of previous cardiac surgery, while one-quarter (28.3%) had a Risk Adjustment for Congenital Heart Surgery score ≥3. LCOS-related outcomes occurred in 37.5% of patients. IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α levels differed significantly between patients with and without LCOS outcomes. An increase in IL-8 of >56 pg/mL from baseline to T0 showed the strongest association with LCOS (odds ratio, 37.34; 95% confidence interval, 4.53-836.53).
conclusionAn elevated postoperative IL-8 level is a robust predictor of LCOS-related outcomes in pediatric patients undergoing cardiac surgery. These findings emphasize the importance of monitoring cytokine dynamics to guide interventions and improve patient outcomes.
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