Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40968292›Full record

ArticleNature chemical biology2026

Enhancing RNA base editing on mammalian transcripts with small nuclear RNAs.

Aaron A Smargon, Deepak Pant, Trent A Gomberg, Christian Fagre, Sofia Glynne, Johnathan Nguyen, Jack T Naritomi, Wendy V Gilbert, Gene W Yeo

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature chemical biology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Redirecting endogenous allies.Nature chemical biology · 2026
    Article
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Aaron A SmargonDepartment of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4677-1682
Deepak PantDepartment of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5627-3380
Trent A GombergDepartment of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
Christian FagreDepartment of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
Sofia GlynneDepartment of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
Johnathan NguyenDepartment of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
Jack T NaritomiDepartment of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
Wendy V GilbertDepartment of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2807-9657
Gene W YeoDepartment of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA. geneyeo@ucsd.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0799-6037

Funding

Functional RNA elements in the human genomeR01HG004659 · NHGRI · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI Kevin Daniel Corbett, Eugene Wei-Ming Yeo · 2008 to 2026
$12.4M
A comprehensive binding and functional map of human RNA-binding proteinsU24HG009889 · NHGRI · UNIVERSITY OF CONNECTICUT SCH OF MED/DNT · PI GRAVELEY, BRENTON R., YEO, EUGENE WEI-MING · 2022 to 2025
$5.5M
Regulation and Function of snoRNA GenesR01GM101316 · NIGMS · YALE UNIVERSITY · PI Wendy Victoria Gilbert · 2014 to 2026
$3.9M
UC San Diego Genetics Training ProgramT32GM145427 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI BRUCE A HAMILTON · 2022 to 2026
$2.6M
Illumina NovaSeq 6000 Sequencing SystemS10OD026929 · OD · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI JEPSEN, KRISTEN LYNN · 2019 to 2019
$600k
NHGRI NIH HHS R01 HG004659NHGRI NIH HHS U24 HG009889NIGMS NIH HHS R01 GM101316NIGMS NIH HHS T32 GM145427NIH HHS S10 OD026929
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Endogenous uridine-rich small nuclear RNAs (U snRNAs) form RNA-protein complexes to process eukaryotic pre-mRNA into mRNA. Previous studies have demonstrated programmable U snRNA guide-targeted exon inclusion and exclusion. Here we investigated whether snRNAs can also enhance RNA base editing over state-of-the-art RNA-targeting technologies in human cells. Compared with adenosine deaminase acting on RNA (ADAR)-recruiting circular RNAs, we find that guided A>I snRNAs consistently increase adenosine-to-inosine editing for higher exon count genes, perturb substantially fewer off-target genes and localize more persistently to the nucleus where ADAR is expressed. A>I snRNAs also more efficiently edit long noncoding RNAs and pre-mRNA 3' splice sites to promote splicing changes. Lastly, snRNA-H/ACA box snoRNA fusions (U>Ψ snRNAs) increase targeted RNA pseudouridylation without DKC1 overexpression, facilitating improved CFTR rescue from nonsense-mediated mRNA decay in a cystic fibrosis human bronchial epithelial cell model. Our results advance the endogenous protein-mediated RNA base editing toolbox and RNA-targeting technologies to treat genetic diseases.

Indexed as

RNA EditingRNA, Small NuclearAdenosine DeaminaseHEK293 CellsHumansRNA, MessengerRNA SplicingAdenosine DeaminaseRNA, MessengerRNA, Small Nuclear

Identifiers

PMID40968292
PMCPMC13003931

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.