ArticleSleep health2025
Harsh parenting in adolescence and symptoms of depression in emerging adulthood: The moderating role of sleep.
Article in Sleep health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesHarsh parenting occurs often in adolescence and confers risk for depression symptoms. However, individual differences exist and explication of variables that exacerbate or attenuate risk is needed. Sleep problems impair coping abilities and may magnify the effects of harsh parenting. Using a 5-wave design spanning 9 years, we investigated adolescents' sleep as a moderator of relations between harsh parenting in adolescence and depression symptoms in emerging adulthood.
methodsFamilies participated over 5 waves (child's M age at each wave was 16, 17, 18, 23, and 25 years; 245 families participated at age 16 [52% female; 67% White/European American, 33% Black/African American]; 132 families participated at all 5 waves). Mothers and fathers reported on the frequency of their own harsh parenting (verbal and physical) at ages 16-18. Actigraphy measured adolescents' sleep duration (minutes) and quality (sleep maintenance efficiency, long wake episodes) at ages 16-18. Depression symptoms were assessed with self-reports at all waves.
resultsAfter controlling for autoregressive effects, structural equation models revealed that shorter sleep duration (β = -0.16, p = <.03), reduced sleep maintenance efficiency (β = -0.30, p = <.001), and more long wake episodes (β = 0.24, p = .004) in adolescence exacerbated relations between harsh fathering in adolescence and depression symptoms in emerging adulthood. Harsh mothering did not confer risk, regardless of adolescents' sleep.
conclusionsInteractions between harsh parenting and sleep problems in adolescence may predict depression symptoms in emerging adulthood. The results highlight the importance of considering sleep in attempts to improve mental health in those exposed to harsh parenting.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.