ArticleJournal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry2025
Global burden of early-onset Parkinson's disease, 1990-2021: results from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.
Article in Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Environmental determinants of Parkinson's disease and attributable burden in Latin America.Research square · 2026Article
- The Versatile Roles of Exosomes in Neurodegenerative Disorders: From Pathological Mechanism and Diagnostic Biomarkers to Therapeutic Application.Drug design, development and therapy · 2026Review
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14 authors.
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Abstract
objectivesEarly-onset Parkinson's disease (EOPD) is an increasingly serious disorder, yet there is currently a scarcity of epidemiological data and reports on this disease worldwide.
methodsBy using data from the 2021 Global Burden of Disease Study, we analysed the number of incident cases, prevalent cases and years lived with disability (YLDs) for EOPD (diagnosis after the age of 20 years and before the age of 50 years) from 1990 to 2021, along with their corresponding age-standardised rates. Additionally, we calculated the average annual percent change of the age-standardised rates and analysed the negative correlation between smoking and the disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) burden for EOPD.
resultsFrom 1990 to 2021, the incidence, prevalence and YLDs associated with EOPD have tripled globally. Most countries have seen a consistent increase in the age-standardised incidence and prevalence rates of this disease, especially those with high-middle Socio-Demographic Index scores. In 2021, smoking contributed to a 9.03% decrease in the global burden of DALYs, a decline from -14.14% in 1990.
conclusionsEOPD is increasing at an alarming rate worldwide, necessitating the attention of global health organisations and the implementation of effective intervention measures to address this serious challenge.
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