Trial reportAge and ageing2025
Synergistic effects of exercise, cognitive training and vitamin D on gait performance and falls in mild cognitive impairment-secondary outcomes from the SYNERGIC trial.
Trial report in Age and ageing, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Exercise modalities in mild cognitive impairment: a systematic review and network meta-analysis of comparative effectiveness.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2026Pooled it
- The Neuroprotective Role of Exercise in Alzheimer's Disease: An Integrative Review of Animal and Human Studies.Neurology international · 2026Review
- Vitamin D deficiency and disease conditions relevant to: Orthopaedic translation.Journal of orthopaedic translation · 2026Review
- What to Know About Falls in Older Adults? Risk Factors, Predictors, and Therapeutic Interventions.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025Review
- The effect of hearing ability on dual-task performance following multi-domain training in older adults with mild cognitive impairment: findings from the SYNERGIC trial.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
17 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundOlder adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) have a higher risk of gait impairments and falls; yet, the effects of multimodal interventions, including combinations of exercises with cognitive training, on improving their mobility remain unclear.
objectivesTo investigate the synergistic effects of aerobic-resistance exercise combined with cognitive training, with or without vitamin D supplementation, on gait performance and falls risk in older adults with MCI.
methodsThe effect of 20 weeks of aerobic-resistance exercise, cognitive training, and Vitamin D supplementation (10 000 IU 3×/week) on gait and falls in older adults with MCI was evaluated in the SYNERGIC trial, using a fractional factorial design. Assessments were conducted at baseline, 6-month endpoint (after intervention) and 12-month endpoint (follow-up). Eligible participants were between the ages of 65 and 84 years with MCI enrolled from 19 September 2016 to 7 April 2020. Main outcomes of interest for gait performance were gait speed and gait variability changes, whilst for falls were incidental falls and incidental injurious falls.
resultsAmongst 161 participants, the four exercise-based arms improved gait speed (+7.5 cm/s, P < .001) and reduced falls (incidence rate ratios (IRR) = 0.65, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.32-1.42, P = .25) and injurious falls (IRR = 0.38, 95% CI: 0.15-1.05, P = .05) at 6-month endpoint. Falls reduction reached statistical significance (IRR = 0.28, 95% CI: 0.13-0.64, P = .002) at 12-month endpoint. Exercises combined with cognitive training showed the greatest gains in gait speed at 6-month endpoint (P < .001) and in reducing falls at 12-month endpoint (IRR = 0.24, 95% CI: 0.05-0.77, P = .02) compared to the control. Vitamin D did not enhance outcomes and increased gait variability, a marker of instability.
conclusionAerobic-resistance exercise combined with sequential computerised cognitive training improved gait performance at 6 months and decreased the risk of falls and injuries at 12 months in older adults with MCI. The addition of vitamin D did not produce benefits.
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