ArticlePloS one2025
Adverse outcomes post-COVID-19 hospitalization among ESRD patients: A retrospective cohort study in 5 California university medical centers.
Article in PloS one, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundIndividuals with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) hospitalized for COVID-19 may have a higher risk for adverse post discharge events. To investigate these risks, we examined a large database of individuals admitted for COVID-19 and discharged alive, to see if ESRD was independently associated with higher risk for death within 180 days or for 30-day hospital readmission.
methodsWe retrospectively compared risks for hospital, non-hospital, and overall death within 180 days and 30-day hospital readmission between individuals with and without ESRD. We studied individuals hospitalized with COVID-19 between January 6, 2020 and August 3, 2023, at any of the 5 University of California medical centers and discharged alive.
resultsOf 11,406 individuals hospitalized with COVID-19 who were discharged alive, 713 (6.3%) had ESRD. Compared to individuals without ESRD, those with ESRD had a significantly higher hazard of hospital and overall death within 180 days post-discharge in the unadjusted analyses, but not in the analyses adjusted for demographic variables, hospitalization period, and comorbid conditions (adjusted Wald chi-square hazard ratio (HR) 1.36, 95% Wald CI 0.78-2.37; adjusted HR 1.05, 95% CI 0.73-1.51, respectively). Those with ESRD did not have a significantly higher hazard of non-hospital death within 180 days post-discharge in either the unadjusted or the adjusted analyses (adjusted HR 0.89, 95% CI 0.55-1.44), but did have a significantly higher hazard of 30-day hospital readmission in both the unadjusted and the adjusted analyses (adjusted HR 1.36, 95% CI 1.14-1.63, p = 0.001).
conclusionsESRD patients hospitalized with COVID-19 had a higher unadjusted risk of hospital and overall death within 180 days and of 30-day hospital readmission than individuals without ESRD. After adjusting for demographic factors, hospitalization period, and comorbidities, presence of ESRD was not found to significantly increase the risk for hospital, non-hospital, or overall death within 180 days post-discharge, but was found to significantly increase the risk of 30-day hospital readmission.
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