Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40966197›Full record

ArticlePloS one2025

Molecular epidemiology and phylogenetics of camel anaplasmosis.

Farhan Ahmad Atif, Ammar Tahir, Muhammad Kashif, Aziz Ur Rehman, Abdulmohsen H Alqhtani, Alaa Bassuny Ismael, Ioannis A Giantsis, Adil Khan, Furhan Iqbal, Muhammad Imran and 1 more

Expression of concernAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in PloS one, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It carries an expression of concern. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Farhan Ahmad AtifMedicine Section, Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Jhang, Sub-Campus of University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan.
Ammar TahirMedicine Section, Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Jhang, Sub-Campus of University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan.
Muhammad KashifMedicine Section, Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Jhang, Sub-Campus of University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan.
Aziz Ur RehmanPathology Section, Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Jhang, Sub-Campus of University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan.
Abdulmohsen H AlqhtaniDepartment of Animal Production, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Alaa Bassuny IsmaelDepartment of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia.
Ioannis A GiantsisDepartment of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Forestry and Natural Environment. Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece.
Adil KhanDepartment of Zoology, Bacha Khan University, Charsadda, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.
Furhan IqbalInstitute of Zoology, Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan, Multan, Pakistan.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4996-0152
Muhammad ImranDepartment of Parasitology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3930-5149
Ayman A SwelumDepartment of Animal Production, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Camel anaplasmosis is a tick-borne disease of zoonotic concern, yet its epidemiology in Pakistan remains understudied. This study aimed to determine the prevalence, associated risk factors, and phylogenetic characteristics of Anaplasma spp. in camels across diverse agro-climatic zones of Punjab. A total of 400 blood samples were collected from two districts-Jhang and Bahawalpur (n = 200 each)-using a multistage cluster sampling approach. From each district, four tehsils were selected; ten herds per tehsil were sampled, with five camels per herd. The PCR targeting the 16S rRNA gene was used for Anaplasma detection. Epidemiological data were gathered using a structured questionnaire. The overall prevalence was 25.75%. Multivariable analysis identified age (>5 years), district (Jhang), intensive management, and health status as significant risk factors. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that A. phagocytophilum isolates were genetically related to strains from India, Iran, and Turkey; A. platys showed proximity to dog-derived isolates from India, South Africa, and Spain; while Candidatus A. camelii was closely related to camel isolates from Egypt, China, Kenya, and Iran. In conclusion, camel anaplasmosis is prevalent in Punjab. Further research is warranted to explore the pathogenic potential and vector dynamics of circulating strains to devise control strategies.

Indexed as

AnaplasmaAnaplasmosisCamelusPhylogenyAnimalsFemaleMaleMolecular EpidemiologyPakistanPrevalenceRisk FactorsRNA, Ribosomal, 16SRNA, Ribosomal, 16S

Identifiers

PMID40966197
PMCPMC12445477

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.