Trial reportEuropean archives of paediatric dentistry : official journal of the European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry2026
Evaluating the use of augmented reality in alleviating anxiety and pain in children during intraoral injection administration: a randomized-controlled trial.
Trial report in European archives of paediatric dentistry : official journal of the European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06724341 (Effect of Active and Passive Augmented Reality Glasses in Behavioral Children Management for Inferior Alveolar Nerve Block - A Randomized Controlled Trial), which is not on this map. Cited by 1 paper, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Effect of Active and Passive Augmented Reality Glasses in Behavioral Children Management for Inferior Alveolar Nerve Block - A Randomized Controlled Trial
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeThis study evaluated augmented reality (AR) headsets' effectiveness in reducing anxiety and pain in children (7-9 years) during intraoral injections.
methodsOne hundred eight children were randomized to four groups: Control (cartoons on a mobile device during injection), Group A (cartoons via AR headset during injection), Group B (AR games before being transported to the dental chair), and Group C (AR games before plus cartoons during injection). Anxiety was assessed by Venham's Picture Test (VPT) and heart rate (HR) monitoring; pain was measured with the FLACC Behavioral Pain Assessment Scale and the Wong-Baker FACES Pain Rating Scale.
resultsPost-injection, VPT mean ranks were significantly lower in Groups A (46.59), B (42.83), and C (40.41) compared to the Control group (65.17; P < 0.05). HR monitoring revealed a significant increase during injection in the Control group (107.6 ± 15.7 bpm) and Group A (106.6 ± 13.2 bpm) compared with Groups B (94.7 ± 8.0 bpm) and C (91.4 ± 9.8 bpm; P < 0.05). Severe pain (WBF score ≥ 8) was reported by 18.5% in the Control group versus none in the test groups (P < 0.05). Similarly, FLACC scores indicated the highest discomfort in the Control group, with no severe discomfort observed in Groups A, B, or C (P < 0.05).
conclusionsAR headsets significantly reduce injection-related anxiety and eliminate severe pain behaviors in children, providing pediatric dental practitioners with a low-cost, easily implemented tool to enhance patient comfort and cooperation. The study was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT06724341).
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.