Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40964956›Full record

ArticleAdvanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)2026

Force-Induced Selective Carbon-Carbon Bond Cleavage in Mechanoresponsive Topochemical Polymers.

Zitang Wei, Hanul Kim, Nazmul Haque, Qixuan Hu, Ke Ma, Kang Wang, Shuchen Zhang, Xuyi Luo, Yoon Ho Lee, Siyoung Q Choi and 3 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Zitang WeiDavidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7391-0342
Hanul KimDavidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3183-8917
Nazmul HaqueSchool of Materials Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3693-5935
Qixuan HuDavidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2538-5261
Ke MaDavidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2168-0917
Kang WangDavidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7178-1225
Shuchen ZhangDavidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8560-0045
Xuyi LuoDavidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2010-6673
Yoon Ho LeeDavidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7488-4521
Siyoung Q ChoiDepartment of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6020-3091
Chelsea S DavisSchool of Materials Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0383-7717
Brett M SavoieDavidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7039-4039
Letian DouDavidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6411-8591

Funding

American Chemical Society Petroleum Research Fund 68153-ND7Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue UniversityNational Supercomputing Center with supercomputing resources including technical support KSC-2023-CRE-0317
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Mechanoresponsive polymeric materials that respond to mechanical deformation are highly valued for their potential in sensors, degradation studies, and optoelectronics. However, direct visualization and detection of these responses remain significant obstacles. In this study, novel mechanoresponsive polybiidenedionediyl (PBIT) derivative topochemical polymers are developed that depolymerize under mechanical forces, exhibiting a distinct and irreversible color change in response to grinding, milling, and compression. This color change is attributed to the alteration of polymer backbone conjugation during elongated Carbon-Carbon (C─C) single bond cleavage. Quantum chemical pulling simulations on PBIT polymers reveals a force range of 4.3-5.0 nN associated with the selective cleavage of elongated C─C single bonds. This force range is comparable to that observed for typical homolytic mechanophores, supporting the mechanistic interpretation of homolytic bond scission under mechanical stress. C─C bond cleavage kinetic studies of PBIT under compression indicates that strong interchain interactions significantly increase the pressure needed to cleave the elongated C─C bonds. Additionally, PBIT polymer thin films are composited with polydimethylsiloxane to create free-standing and robust thin films, which can serve as ink-free and rewritable paper for writing and stress visualization applications. This advancement opens new possibilities for utilizing crystalline and brittle topochemical polymers in practical applications.

Indexed as

composite filmsmechanoresponsive materialsstress visualizationtopochemical polymers

Identifiers

PMID40964956
PMCPMC12783939

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.