ArticleFrontiers in neurology2025
Autoimmune encephalitis in Latin America. Clinical features and outcomes in pediatric and adult populations: retrospective cohort of The REAL LABIC Project.
Article in Frontiers in neurology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Introduction: The Autoimmune Encephalitis Registry in Latin American countries (REAL LABIC Project) is an initiative created to conduct research focused on the epidemiological and clinical aspects of autoimmune encephalitis (AE) in the region. This study describes the sociodemographic profile, clinical presentation, treatment, and follow-up outcomes of patients diagnosed with AE across multiple reference centers from Latin America. Methods: A retrospective, multicenter cohort study was conducted in 10 hospitals across 6 countries from Latin America. Medical records of pediatric and adult patients hospitalized between July 2017 and June 2022 were reviewed. Inclusion criteria were diagnostic of probable or definite AE according to consensus diagnostic criteria by Graus et al. Comparative analyses were performed between pediatric and adult groups using hypothesis contrast tests. Results: The study included 165 patients, 57.6% were under 18 years of age. Confirmed AE was more frequent in pediatric patients, with anti-NMDA receptor antibodies identified in 53.5% of cases (CSF/serum). The median time from symptom onset to hospital admission was 8 days, significantly shorter in pediatrics ( Conclusion: This is the first regional multicenter study of autoimmune encephalitis in Latin America highlighting the above findings. There were no significant differences in most of the analyzed variables between pediatric and adult populations. Future research should address the strengths and limitations of this registry with the aim of gaining a broader understanding of autoimmune encephalitis in our region.
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