Quality of life in breast cancer survivors: An ambiguous loss perspective.

Breast cancer is the second most common cancer diagnosed among women in the United States. Although advances in detection and medical treatment have improved survival rates, breast cancer survivors experience physical symptoms and psychological distress that can adversely impact their quality of life. Examining the quality of life in breast cancer survivors is important as it may inform supportive services, patient-centered care, and well-being after treatment. Theoretical perspectives such as ambiguous loss theory can assist in understanding the factors that shape quality of life. Ambiguous loss theory, developed by Pauline Boss, refers to a loss that remains unclear, unresolved, and lacks closure. Grief theorists have acknowledged grief associated with symbolic losses, such as the loss of health status. The current article integrates empirical research and established constructs derived from ambiguous loss theory to develop a middle-range theory focused on explaining quality of life among breast cancer survivors.