ArticleFrontiers in veterinary science2025
Associations between manure pumping out of the site and exposure to nearby manure applications with the incidence of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus and porcine epidemic diarrhea virus outbreaks in wean-to-market pig populations in the Midwestern United States.
Article in Frontiers in veterinary science, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Pooled it
- Moderate Scale of Pig Farming: Implications for Herd Management and Disease Control-Evidence from Heilongjiang Province, China.Veterinary sciences · 2026Article
- An Exploratory Pilot Study to Investigate the Potential Relationship Between Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome (PRRS) Virus Viremia Changes and Barn Manure Pit Management Procedures.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Manure management during African swine fever outbreak: identifying gaps through a narrative review.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2026Review
- Assessment of the Relationship Between Bioexclusion Practices Applied in Wean-to-Harvest Sites and PRRS Outbreaks.Veterinary sciences · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Introduction: Manure handling is an integral part of swine production, providing valuable nutrients for crop fields but also posing potential biosecurity risks. This study investigated the association between manure removal and nearby manure applications with the occurrence of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) and porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) outbreaks in wean-to-market pig lots. Methods: Data from a swine production system were analyzed for the period between July 2020 and December 2022 using a matched case-control design. Cases were defined as PRRSV or PEDV outbreaks confirmed through veterinary assessment and pathogen RNA detection. Manure exposure was assessed at the site level, including (1) pumping manure out from the site and (2) proximity (≤1.61, 4.82, and 8.04 km) to fields receiving manure. Conditional logistic regression models evaluated outbreak odds ratios within 5 weeks of exposure. Additional mixed effects models identified risk factors associated with PRRSV outbreaks. Results: Among 2,592 wean-to-market lots across 599 sites, 1,370 lots had at least one manure pumping event, 380 PRRSV outbreaks, and 103 PEDV outbreaks. PRRSV outbreaks were significantly associated ( Discussion: These findings highlight the significance of manure management in PRRSV transmission risk, particularly the timing of manure pumping, herd size, and proximity to manure-applied fields. Improving biosecurity measures during manure handling can help lower PRRSV transmission risks in swine production.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.