Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40963458›Full record

ArticleArthritis care & research2026

Impact of Positive Lifestyle Behaviors on Direct Health Care Cost Savings for Low Back Pain.

Ye Tian, Katharine E Roberts, Michelle Hall, Paula R Beckenkamp, Angelo Sabag, Karoline Moe, Ana Paula Carvalho-E-Silva, Emily J Callander, Paulo H Ferreira

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Arthritis care & research, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Ye TianSchool of Health Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.ORCID 0009-0004-4958-5609
Katharine E RobertsSchool of Health Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.ORCID 0000-0003-0017-0803
Michelle HallSydney Musculoskeletal Health, The Kolling Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.ORCID 0000-0003-2024-4945
Paula R BeckenkampSchool of Health Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Angelo SabagSchool of Health Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Karoline MoeNorwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.
Ana Paula Carvalho-E-SilvaSchool of Health Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Emily J CallanderSchool of Public Health, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Paulo H FerreiraSchool of Health Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.

Funding

National Health and Medical Research Council 1172928National Health and Medical Research Council GNT1079102National Health and Medical Research Council GNT1086738
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveThis study aimed to investigate the relationship between a previously purpose-developed lifestyle behavior scale and health care cost savings related to low back pain (LBP).

methodsThis longitudinal study used data from the Australian Twin Back (AUTBACK) study. LBP and lifestyle behavior measures were collected at baseline. Physical activity (PA) was objectively quantified via an accelerometer. A lifestyle behavior scale was created using variables of body mass index, PA, smoking status, and sleep quality. Weekly health care use for LBP was collected over one year. Health care costs were calculated by aggregating expenses for health care visits and medications, encompassing personal and Australia Medicare costs, and analyzed by two-part models.

resultsIndividuals with lower lifestyle behavior scores, women, and those with a baseline episode of LBP were more likely to incur health care use costs (n = 307). A total of 2.6% of participants accounted for over 56% of the total expenditures. A one-point improvement in the lifestyle behavior scale was significantly associated with 23% decrease in overall health care costs for LBP (95% confidence interval [CI] 7%-36%; P = 0.006), 25% decrease in medication costs for LBP (95% CI 13%-35%; P < 0.001), and 27% decrease in health care visit costs for LBP (95% CI 14%-39%; P < 0.001). The predicted difference in yearly health care use costs between individuals with the lowest and highest lifestyle scores was AU$873.

conclusionThis study demonstrated the association between greater adherence to positive lifestyle behaviors and reduced health care costs related to LBP. Interventions aimed at improving lifestyle behaviors could yield substantial cost savings for individuals and the health care system, mitigating the burden of LBP.

Indexed as

Cost SavingsHealth BehaviorHealth Care CostsLife StyleLow Back PainAdultAgedAustraliaExerciseFemaleHumansLongitudinal StudiesMaleMiddle Aged

Identifiers

PMID40963458
PMCPMC13034093

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.