Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40963336›Full record

ArticleJournal of adolescence2026

Adverse Childhood Experiences and Problematic Social Media Use: Longitudinal Evidence Among Chinese Adolescents.

Qijia Cong, Mitch van Geel, Renate S M Buisman, Paul Vedder

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of adolescence, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Qijia CongInstitute of Education and Child Studies, Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0002-3137-4860
Mitch van GeelInstitute of Education and Child Studies, Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands.
Renate S M BuismanInstitute of Education and Child Studies, Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands.
Paul VedderInstitute of Education and Child Studies, Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands.

Funding

This study was supported by the China Scholarship Council (No. 202106200021) during the study of Qijia Cong at Leiden University.
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionAdverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are prevalent and have been linked to problematic social media use (PSMU) in adolescents. However, few prior studies focused on the longitudinal association and the functional nature between ACEs and PSMU. Drawing on the Compensatory Internet Use Theory and the Cumulative Risk Hypothesis, this study aimed to examine the relation between ACEs and PSMU as well as the cumulative effects of ACEs on PSMU using a three-wave longitudinal design with multiple informant assessments of adolescent PSMU.

methodsA total of 264 Chinese adolescents (50.0% female; M

resultsResults from the GLMM analyses revealed that (1) exposure to ACEs significantly predicted adolescent-reported PSMU (b = 0.17, p < 0.01), but not parent-reported PSMU (b = 0.03, p = 0.65), and (2) the functional relation between cumulative ACEs and PSMU followed a linear pattern, irrespective of whether PSMU was reported by adolescents or parents. These findings provided empirical support for the Cumulative Risk Hypothesis, specifically aligning with the additive (linear) model.

conclusionsEarlier ACE exposure predicts subsequent adolescent PSMU; the functional relation between cumulative ACEs and PSMU is linear. This underscores the importance of addressing each ACE in prevention and intervention efforts aimed at mitigating adolescent PSMU.

Indexed as

Adolescent BehaviorAdverse Childhood ExperiencesSocial MediaAdolescentAdultChinaEast Asian PeopleFemaleHumansLongitudinal StudiesMaleadolescentsadverse childhood experiencescumulative risk modelsmultiple informantsproblematic social media use

Identifiers

PMID40963336
PMCPMC12780664

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.