ArticleBMC oral health2025
Is there a link between diet and painful temporomandibular disorders? A cross-sectional study.
Article in BMC oral health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 2 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Wireless detector-based magnetic resonance imaging for grading assessment of the peridiscal attachments in temporomandibular joint internal derangement.Quantitative imaging in medicine and surgery · 2026Article
- Correction: Is there a link between diet and painful temporomandibular disorders? A cross-sectional study.BMC oral health · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundNutrition and diet have emerged as potentially modifiable factors in the management of chronic pain, however, there is still limited evidence regarding the direct relationship between diet, nutrition, and Temporomandibular disorders (TMD). The aim of this cross-sectional study was to explore the relationship between dietary patterns and painful TMD, with a particular focus on dietary inflammatory potential, adherence to the Mediterranean diet, and psychosocial predictors.
methodsNinety-two participants (45 TMD patients and 47 controls) aged 20–50 were recruited in Portugal and Spain. TMD diagnosis was based on the Diagnostic Criteria for TMD (DC/TMD). Psychosocial status was assessed using PHQ-9 (depression), PHQ-15 (somatic symptoms), and the Oral Behavior Checklist (OBC). Dietary data were collected through a 24-hour recall and assessed using the Healthy Eating Index (HEI), Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII), and Mediterranean Diet Adherence Screener (MEDAS). Pressure pain thresholds (PPT) were recorded at the TMJ and masticatory muscles. Data was analyzed using independent t-tests, Mann-Whitney U, and OPLS-DA multivariate modeling.
resultsTMD patients showed significantly higher scores for somatic symptoms, depressive symptoms, and maladaptive oral behaviors. While no significant differences were found for DII or MEDAS scores between groups, TMD patients had significantly lower HEI scores and PPTs values in the masseter, temporalis, and TMJ regions. OPLS-DA identified oral behaviors, somatic symptoms, and lower HEI as the strongest predictors distinguishing TMD patients from controls.
conclusionsPainful TMD is associated with higher psychosocial distress and poorer dietary quality. These findings underscore the need to include dietary assessment in the clinical evaluation and management of TMD.
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