SynthesisNature genetics2025
Genome-wide association meta-analysis of childhood ADHD symptoms and diagnosis identifies new loci and potential effector genes.
Erratum issuedAbstract readMeta-Analysis
In one paragraph
Synthesis in Nature genetics, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 12 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
12citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Neurobiological insights into the effects of ultra-processed food on lipid metabolism and associated mental health conditions: a scoping review.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Pooled it
- Investigating the associations between neurodevelopmental and psychiatric genetic liability and adverse social and functional outcomes across childhood, adolescence and young-adulthood.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Article
- Balancing phenotyping depth and representativeness in psychiatric genomics.Nature genetics · 2026Article
- Article
- The genetic relationship between ADHD and shortened telomeres points to neurodevelopmental mechanisms.Translational psychiatry · 2026Article
- A comprehensive overview of the biological foundations of ADHD.Bioscience reports · 2026Review
- ADHD and intelligence polygenic scores associations with developmental dimensions in children with attention, learning and memory difficulties.European child & adolescent psychiatry · 2026Article
- The Genetic Origin of Uneven Cognitive Profiles in Heritable Neurodevelopmental Conditions and Individual Differences: Computational Investigations.Developmental science · 2026Article
- Prenatal stress selectively enhances locomotor hyperactivity in male mice with embryonic loss ofFrontiers in psychiatry · 2026Article
- The Evolving ADHD Phenotype in the Externalizing Context.The American journal of psychiatry · 2026Review
- Article
- Altered Co-Expression Patterns of Mitochondrial NADH-Dehydrogenase Genes in the Prefrontal Cortex of Rodent ADHD Models.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
129 authors.
Camiel M van der LaanDepartment of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. c.m.vanderlaan@uu.nl.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1171-758X
Hill F IpDepartment of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Marijn SchipperDepartment of Complex Trait Genetics, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5170-2796
Jouke-Jan HottengaDepartment of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5668-2368
Beate St PourcainMRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4680-3517
Tetyana ZayatsK.G. Jebsen Centre for Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
René PoolDepartment of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5579-0933
Eva M L KrapohlInstitute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.
Isabell BrikellDepartment of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
María Soler ArtigasBiomedical Network Research Centre on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3213-1107
Judit Cabana-DomínguezBiomedical Network Research Centre on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4732-7284
Natalia LlongaBiomedical Network Research Centre on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain.
Ilja M NolteDepartment of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5047-4077
Koen BolhuisDepartment of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5410-1531
Teemu PalviainenInstitute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), HiLife, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7847-8384
Hadi ZafarmandDepartment of Public Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Scott GordonQIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7623-328X
Fazil AlievDepartment of Psychiatry, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA.
S Alexandra BurtDepartment of Psychology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.
Carol A WangSchool of Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4301-3974
Gretchen SaundersDepartment of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
Ville KarhunenMRC Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK.
Daniel E AdkinsDepartment of Sociology, College of Social and Behavioral Science, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
Richard BorderDepartments of Neurology and Computer Science, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Roseann E PetersonDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, State University of New York Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6402-849X
Joseph A PrinzCenter for Genomic and Computational Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.
Elisabeth ThieringInstitute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.
Natàlia Vilor-TejedorBarcelonaBeta Brain Research Center, Pasqual Maragall Foundation (FPM), Barcelona, Spain.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4935-6721
Tarunveer S AhluwaliaCOPSAC, Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Andrea AllegriniInstitute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.
Kaili RimfeldInstitute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.
Qi ChenDepartment of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Yi LuDepartment of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9933-3654
Joanna MartinDepartment of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Rosa BoschBiomedical Network Research Centre on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain.
Josep Antoni Ramos-QuirogaBiomedical Network Research Centre on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1622-0350
Alexander NeumannDepartment of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6653-3203
Judith EnsinkDepartment of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Katrina L GrasbyQIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8539-0228
José J MorosoliDepartment of Clinical, Educational, and Health Psychology, University College London, London, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3959-403X
Xiaoran TongCenter for Innovation in Public Health, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA.
Shelby MarringtonSchool of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Herston, Queensland, Australia.
James G ScottChild Health Research Centre, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
Andrey A ShabalinDepartment of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
Robin CorleyInstitute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA.
Luke M EvansInstitute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7458-1720
Karen SugdenCenter for Genomic and Computational Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.
Silvia AlemanyBiomedical Network Research Centre on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7925-6767
Lærke SassCOPSAC, Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Rebecca VindingCOPSAC, Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Erik A EhliAvera McKennan Hospital, Sioux Falls, SD, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7865-3015
Fiona A HagenbeekDepartment of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8773-0430
Eske M DerksTranslational Neurogenomics Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6292-6883
Henrik LarssonDepartment of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6851-3297
Harold SniederDepartment of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1949-2298
Charlotte CecilDepartment of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2389-5922
Alyce M WhippInstitute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), HiLife, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
Tellervo KorhonenInstitute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), HiLife, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
Eero VuoksimaaInstitute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), HiLife, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
Richard J RoseDepartment of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA.
André G UitterlindenDepartment of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7276-3387
Jan HaavikK.G. Jebsen Centre for Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7865-2808
Jennifer R HarrisCentre for Fertility and Health, The Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3249-8918
Øyvind HelgelandDepartment of Genetics and Bioinformatics, Division of Health Data and Digitalization, The Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Bergen, Norway.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5612-2985
Stefan JohanssonDepartment of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2298-7008
Gun Peggy S KnudsenCentre for Fertility and Health, The Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6193-4291
Pal Rasmus NjolstadDepartment of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0304-6728
Qing LuDepartment of Biostatistics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
Alina RodriguezMRC Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1209-8802
Anjali K HendersInstitute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
Abdullah MamunInstitute for Social Science Research, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
Jackob M NajmanSchool of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Herston, Queensland, Australia.
Sandy BrownDepartment of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA.
Christian HopferUniversity of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA.
Kenneth KrauterDepartment of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA.
Chandra A ReynoldsInstitute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA.
Andrew SmolenInstitute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA.
Michael StallingsInstitute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA.
Sally WadsworthInstitute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA.
Tamara L WallDepartment of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA.
Lindon EavesDepartment of Psychiatry, Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA.
Judy L SilbergDepartment of Psychiatry, Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA.
Allison MillerDepartment of Pathology and Biomedical Science, and Carney Centre for Pharmacogenomics, University of Otago, Christchurch, Christchurch, New Zealand.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3816-2251
Alexandra HavdahlPsychGen Centre for Genetic Epidemiology and Mental Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9268-0423
Sabrina LlopEpidemiology and Environmental Health Joint Research Unit, FISABIO-Universitat Jaume I-Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain.
Maria-Jose Lopez-EspinosaEpidemiology and Environmental Health Joint Research Unit, FISABIO-Universitat Jaume I-Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1202-8740
Klaus BønnelykkeCOPSAC, Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2003-1018
Jordi SunyerISGlobal, Barcelona Institute for Global Health, Barcelona, Spain.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2602-4110
Louise ArseneaultSocial, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2938-2191
Marie StandlInstitute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.
Joachim HeinrichInstitute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9620-1629
Joseph BodenChristchurch Health and Development Study, Department of Psychological Medicine, University of Otago, Christchurch, Christchurch, New Zealand.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1502-1608
John PearsonBiostatistics and Computational Biology Unit, Department of Pathology and Biomedical Science, University of Otago, Christchurch, Christchurch, New Zealand.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5607-4517
John HorwoodChristchurch Health and Development Study, Department of Psychological Medicine, University of Otago, Christchurch, Christchurch, New Zealand.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4881-1956
Martin KennedyDepartment of Pathology and Biomedical Science, and Carney Centre for Pharmacogenomics, University of Otago, Christchurch, Christchurch, New Zealand.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6445-8526
Richie PoultonDunedin Multidisciplinary Health and Development Research Unit, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.
Hermine H MaesDepartment of Psychiatry, Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA.
John HewittInstitute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA.
William E CopelandDepartment of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA.
Christel M MiddeldorpDepartment of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6218-0428
Gail M WilliamsSchool of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Herston, Queensland, Australia.
Naomi WrayInstitute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7421-3357
Marjo-Riitta JärvelinMRC Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2149-0630
Matt McGueDepartment of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5580-1433
William IaconoDepartment of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
Avshalom CaspiCenter for Genomic and Computational Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0082-4600
Terrie E MoffittDepartment of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA.
Andrew J O WhitehouseThe Kids Research Institute Australia, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.
Craig E PennellSchool of Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0937-6165
Kelly L KlumpDepartment of Psychology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.
Chang JiangDepartment of Biostatistics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
Danielle M DickDepartment of Psychiatry, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1636-893X
Ted Reichborn-KjennerudDepartment of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4653-0034
Nicholas G MartinQIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4069-8020
Sarah E MedlandQIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1382-380X
Tanja VrijkotteAmsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Jaakko KaprioInstitute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), HiLife, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3716-2455
Henning TiemeierDepartment of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4395-1397
George Davey SmithMRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1407-8314
Catharina A HartmanInterdisciplinary Center Psychopathology and Emotion regulation (ICPE), Department of Psychiatry, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8094-8859
Albertine J OldehinkelInterdisciplinary Center Psychopathology and Emotion regulation (ICPE), Department of Psychiatry, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3925-3913
Miquel CasasSJD MIND Schools Program, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain.
Marta RibasésBiomedical Network Research Centre on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1039-1116
Paul LichtensteinDepartment of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3037-5287
Sebastian LundströmRegion Skåne, Psychiatry, Habilitation & Aid, Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Malmö, Sweden.
Robert PlominInstitute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0756-3629
Meike BartelsDepartment of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9667-7555
Michel G NivardDepartment of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2015-1888
Dorret I BoomsmaDepartment of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7099-7972
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
We performed a genome-wide association meta-analysis (GWAMA) of 290,134 attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptom measures of 70,953 unique individuals from multiple raters, ages and instruments (ADHD
Indexed as
Attention Deficit Disorder with HyperactivityGenome-Wide Association StudyChildFemaleGenetic Predisposition to DiseaseHumansMaleMultifactorial InheritancePolymorphism, Single Nucleotide
Identifiers
PMID
40962958What OpenQuestion holds
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