Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40962951›Full record

ArticleSocial psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology2026

Typologies of hurricane trauma exposure: a person centered approach.

Maria Duque, Maria Fernanda Garcia, Cara Antonaccio, Spencer Sandberg, Oh Sehun, Melissa M Bates, Jose Rodriguez, Mildred M Maldonado-Molina, Seth J Schwartz, Christopher P Salas-Wright

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Article in Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Maria DuqueDepartment of Kinesiology and Health Education, University of Texas, Austin, USA. mariaduque@utexas.edu.
Maria Fernanda GarciaDepartment of Mental Health Law and Policy, University of South Florida, Tampa, USA.
Cara AntonaccioDepartment of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Brown University, Providence, USA.
Spencer SandbergSchool of Social Work, Boston College, Boston, USA.
Oh SehunCollege of Social Work, The Ohio State University, Columbus, USA.
Melissa M BatesDepartment of Health Education and Behavior, University of Florida, Gainesville, USA.
Jose RodriguezIglesia Episcopal Jesús de Nazaret, Orlando, FL, USA.
Mildred M Maldonado-MolinaDepartment of Health Education and Behavior, University of Florida, Gainesville, USA.
Seth J SchwartzDepartment of Kinesiology and Health Education, University of Texas, Austin, USA.
Christopher P Salas-WrightSchool of Social Work, Boston College, Boston, USA.

Funding

NIMHD NIH HHS MD014684
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeHurricane María (2017) and the subsequent large-scale migration of Puerto Ricans serve as a stark example of how extreme weather events, population displacement, and equity concerns impact the health of vulnerable populations. The aim of the present study is to examine the classes of hurricane-related experiences among Puerto Rican "María migrants" and to assess the relationship between different types of hurricane exposure and posttraumatic stress.

methodsThe present study was conducted with 319 Puerto Rican Hurricane María migrants on the U.S. mainland. Using a person-centered approach, we aimed to identify (1) typologies of hurricane trauma exposure and (2) mapped these latent classes onto positive PTSD screens, sociodemographic characteristics, and geographic location in Puerto Rico at the time of the storm using descriptive spatial analysis tools.

resultsNotwithstanding the widespread devastation caused by Hurricane María across Puerto Rico, the disaster did not affect María migrants equally. We extracted four latent classes of hurricane trauma exposure: (a) Universal Loss (59.2%), (b) Job Loss + No Food/Water (28.7%), (c) Multidimensional Exposure (5.6%), and (d) Universal loss + Injury (6.5%). By far, the highest rates of positive PTSD screens were reported among members of the Multidimensional Exposure (5.6%) class, as 59% of individuals in this class screened positive for PTSD.

conclusionsPositive PTSD screens are better explained by hurricane trauma typology than by geographic proximity to the hurricane's landfall or remoteness from urban centers. Implications for practice and policy are discussed.

Indexed as

Cyclonic StormsHispanic or LatinoStress Disorders, Post-TraumaticTransients and MigrantsAdultFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedPuerto RicoUnited StatesWhiteDescriptive spatial analysisDisplacementHurricane traumaPTSD

Identifiers

PMID40962951

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