Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40961359›Full record

ArticleMagnetic resonance in medicine2026

Transcranial Doppler ultrasound validation of BOLD-fMRI cerebral blood flow relationship.

Genevieve Hayes, Joana Pinto, Sierra Sparks, Daniel P Bulte

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Magnetic resonance in medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Genevieve HayesIBME, Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4658-9925
Joana PintoIBME, Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Sierra SparksIBME, Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Daniel P BulteIBME, Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.

Funding

CIHR DSG-193252Clarendon FundEngineering and Physical Sciences Research Council EP/S021507/1Rhodes Scholarships
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeA precise understanding of the interplay between cerebral blood flow (CBF) and blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) fMRI signals is essential for advancing cerebrovascular research. Although calibrated BOLD approaches often rely on arterial spin labelling (ASL) to estimate CBF, alternative validation using transcranial Doppler ultrasound (TCD) has not been explored. This study aims to determine whether a simplified hemodynamic model and linear regression can accurately characterize the relationship between TCD-derived CBF velocity and BOLD-fMRI responses during a ramp CO

methodsTwenty-five healthy participants underwent two sessions. In session 1, right middle cerebral artery velocity (MCAv) was acquired using clinical TCD. In session 2, 3 T BOLD-fMRI data were collected. Both sessions used a ramp PETCO

resultsFinal analysis included 21 participants. The hemodynamic model produced consistent fits (R

conclusionBoth modeling approaches successfully linked TCD-derived MCA

Indexed as

BrainCerebrovascular CirculationMagnetic Resonance ImagingUltrasonography, Doppler, TranscranialAdultBlood Flow VelocityCarbon DioxideFemaleHumansImage Processing, Computer-AssistedLinear ModelsMaleMiddle Cerebral ArteryOxygenReproducibility of ResultsYoung AdultCarbon DioxideOxygenBOLD fMRIcerebral blood flowcerebrovascular reactivityhypercapniatranscranial Doppler ultrasound

Identifiers

PMID40961359
PMCPMC12681300

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.