Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40959657›Full record

ArticleHealth psychology report2025

Episodic forgiveness in young American adults and its pathways to distress by health, outlook, spirituality, aggression, and social support.

Sebastian Binyamin Skalski-Bednarz, Loren L Toussaint, Karol Konaszewski, Janusz Surzykiewicz

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Article in Health psychology report, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

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1citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

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3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Sebastian Binyamin Skalski-BednarzFaculty of Philosophy and Education, Catholic University of Eichstätt-Ingolstadt, Eichstätt, Germany.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6336-7251
Loren L ToussaintDepartment of Psychology, Luther College, Decorah, IA, United States.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8876-1848
Karol KonaszewskiFaculty of Education, University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1362-4245
Janusz SurzykiewiczFaculty of Philosophy and Education, Catholic University of Eichstätt-Ingolstadt, Eichstätt, Germany.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6099-7226

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundForgiveness is one form of emotion-focused coping, and the positive effects of such a practice on mental well-being have been confirmed by numerous meta-analyses. The biopsychosocial model assumes that feeling burdened is determined by a number of physical, psychological, and social factors, suggesting a multidimensional relationship between forgiveness and distress. In this study, we tested a model according to which various sociopsychological variables (i.e., health, outlook, spirituality, aggression, and social support) mediate the negative association between episodic forgiveness (also known as state forgiveness) and distress. PARTICIPANTS AND PROCEDURE: We tested the model on a cross-sectional sample of 436 young adults from the United States (62% of whom were women) using structural equation modelling (SEM).

resultsThe results of the overall model supported our indirect effects hypotheses. An analysis of specific indirect effects revealed that variables such as health, a negative outlook, aggressiveness, and social support play a special role in adaptation to stressful life events in forgiving individuals.

conclusionsThe relationship between episodic forgiveness and distress can be explained through complex sociopsychological mechanisms, including feelings of health, outlook, or social support, and attitudes, experiences, and behaviours related to these mechanisms can influence each other and collectively contribute to preventing or reducing perceived burden in young American adults.

Indexed as

distressforgivenesshealthoutlookspiritualityyoung adults

Identifiers

PMID40959657
PMCPMC12435556

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.