ReviewFrontiers in cardiovascular medicine2025
Interleukin family in vascular calcification: molecular mechanisms and therapeutic perspectives.
Review in Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07654231 (Reducing Inflammation to Improve Vascular and Bone Outcomes With Low-dose Colchicine in CKD), which is not on this map. Cited by 6 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Reducing Inflammation to Improve Vascular and Bone Outcomes With Low-dose Colchicine in CKD: A Pilot Randomized Open-Label Trial (RESOLVE-CKD Trial)
Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed.
- Trained Immunity as a Mechanistic Bridge Between Uremic Toxins, Atherosclerosis, and Vascular Calcification in Chronic Kidney Disease.Cardiovascular toxicology · 2026Review
- Review
- Review
- Gamma-Oryzanol Attenuates Aortic Valve Interstitial Cell Calcification via Suppression of BMP2-SMAD and MAPK Signaling Pathways.Biomolecules · 2026Article
- Uric acid-associated mechanisms of coronary artery calcification in diabetic kidney disease: evidence, hypotheses, and translational perspectives.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2026Review
- The Impact of Targeted Therapies on the Bone-Vascular Axis in Psoriasis: A Narrative Review.Clinical, cosmetic and investigational dermatology · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Vascular calcification (VC), characterized by pathological calcium deposition in arterial walls, is a major contributor to cardiovascular morbidity in chronic inflammatory diseases such as atherosclerosis, chronic kidney disease (CKD), and diabetes. Emerging evidence underscores the pivotal role of interleukin (IL) family cytokines in modulating VC through dual pro- and anti-calcific mechanisms. Pro-inflammatory IL members, including IL-1β, IL-6, IL-17A, and IL-29, drive osteogenic transdifferentiation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) by activating pathways such as NF-κB, STAT3, NLRP3 inflammasomes, and Wnt/β-catenin. These pathways upregulate osteogenic markers (e.g., Runx2, BMP-2) and promote oxidative stress, matrix remodeling, and pyroptosis. Conversely, anti-inflammatory cytokines like IL-10 counteract calcification by suppressing inflammatory signaling, enhancing autophagy, and restoring mineral homeostasis. This review highlights the dynamic interplay between IL cytokines, metabolic dysregulation, and epigenetic modifications in VC pathogenesis. It advocates for multi-target approaches, such as combining TYK2/STAT3 inhibition with metabolic reprogramming, to disrupt pathological crosstalk. Future research must address spatiotemporal heterogeneity in IL signaling and optimize therapeutic specificity to translate mechanistic insights into clinical applications. Harnessing the IL family's dual roles offers transformative potential for mitigating VC while preserving immune integrity.
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Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.