ArticleAndrology2026
Low testosterone levels in men at age 31 associates with future risk of prediabetes and type 2 diabetes: A birth cohort study.
Article in Andrology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveWe aimed to investigate the association of a low serum testosterone concentration with the risk of abnormal glucose metabolism (i.e., prediabetes and type 2 diabetes) in men at a 15-year follow-up. STUDY POPULATION AND
methodsIn a population birth cohort, men with low testosterone (testosterone < 12.1 nmol/L, n = 136) and normal testosterone concentration (testosterone ≥ 12.1 nmol/L, n = 2555) at age 31 were followed up until age 46. Blood samples were drawn at ages 31 and 46, and an oral glucose tolerance test (n = 1409) was performed at age 46.
resultsMen with low testosterone had significantly greater body mass index and waist circumference than men with normal testosterone at ages 31 and 46 (p < 0.001 in all comparisons). In men with low testosterone, the association with abnormal glucose metabolism was mainly driven by adiposity (p = 0.4 after adjusting for waist circumference). However, the risk remained increased, independently of waist circumference, when comparing the lowest and highest quartiles of testosterone (odds ratio:1.8 [95% confidence interval 1.3-2.7]) or when using testosterone as a continuous variable (odds ratio: 0.97 [95% confidence interval 0.95-0.99]). Between ages 31 and 46, body mass index increased more in men with normal testosterone at age 31 and low testosterone at age 46 than in men with normal testosterone or low testosterone at both ages (p < 0.001). Higher sex hormone binding globulin levels were associated with a lower risk for abnormal glucose metabolism independently of waist circumference (p < 0.001).
conclusionLow levels of testosterone and sex hormone binding globulin at age 31 associated with an increased risk of developing abnormal glucose metabolism after 15 years' follow-up. This association was partly independent of adiposity but was linked to waist circumference and weight gain.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.