ArticleEnvironmental research2025
Extremely low-frequency magnetic fields (ELF-MF) and radiofrequency: Risk of childhood CNS tumors in a city with elevated ELF-MF exposure.
Article in Environmental research, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
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36 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundCentral nervous system tumors (CNSTs) are the second most common childhood cancer. While their etiology is unclear, exposure to extremely low-frequency magnetic fields (ELF-MF) and radiofrequency (RF) may be associated with increased risk. This study aims to examine the relationship between ELF-MF and RF exposure and CNST risk in Mexico City's pediatric population.
methodsA case-control study was conducted in Mexico City (2017-2022), to assess ELF-MF and RF exposure in 200 CNST patients and 793 controls under 16 years old. Residential ELF-MF exposure was measured over 24 h, and RF exposure was assessed through the total duration of cell phone calls and electronic device usage (with and without internet). ELF-MF exposure levels below 0.1 μT and the lowest RF exposure quartile (Q1) served as reference groups for adjusted odds ratio (aOR) analyses. Data analysis was performed using R and SPSS software.
resultsOf all participants, 5.1 % had ELF-MF exposure ≥0.3 μT. Elevated ELF-MF exposure (≥0.4 μT) was significantly associated with an increased risk of CNST (aOR (95 % confidence interval) = 2.39 (1.15-5.00). While cell phone use showed no differences between cases and controls, prolonged tablet use (with and without internet) was significantly associated with increased CNST risk (aOR = 2.53 (1.39-4.61), and 3.53 (1.45-8.59), respectively).
conclusionA high proportion of children in Mexico City are exposed to ELF-MF levels ≥0.3 μT, exceeding levels reported in other populations. Elevated residential ELF-MF exposure, as well as prolonged tablet use, both with and without internet connectivity, were significantly associated with an increased risk of developing CNST in childhood.
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