Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40956027›Full record

ArticleJournal of vision2025

When contexts collide: Spatial context prevails over temporal context in binocular rivalry.

Lisa Beckmann, Thomas Schenk, Karin Ludwig

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of vision, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Lisa BeckmannClinical Neuropsychology, Department of Psychology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany.
Thomas SchenkClinical Neuropsychology, Department of Psychology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany.
Karin LudwigClinical Neuropsychology, Department of Psychology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Studying binocular rivalry lets us gain a glimpse into how our visual representation is constructed. It is well-known that what is presented around (spatial) and before (temporal) the rivaling stimuli influences what you perceive. How these spatial and temporal factors interact is, however, unknown. In two experiments, we investigate the influence of the spatial surround and flash suppression (as an example of a temporal effect) on binocular rivalry when they occur concurrently. We used gratings of opposing orientation as rivalry probes and varied the strength of the spatial surround by modulating its contrast and the strength of the flash suppression by modulating either the blank duration (Experiment 1; n =17) or the probe duration (Experiment 2; n = 17). We measured both the dominant percept and its clarity. For the single context (either spatial or temporal), we could replicate previous findings. Crucially, when spatial and temporal contexts were combined, we could show additive effects when they favored the same grating and opposing effects when they favored different gratings. In these cases, the spatial context exerted a stronger influence than the temporal context. Also, the clarity of reported percepts decreased when influences were conflicting. Exploratory analyses showed surprising differences in perceptual clarity for the different modulations of flash suppression (Experiment 1 vs. Experiment 2), challenging previous assumptions about the interchangeability of blank and probe duration. In general, the results emphasize the importance of looking at different factors shaping bistable perception not just in isolation, but concurrently.

Indexed as

Space PerceptionVision, BinocularVision DisparityAdultFemaleHumansMalePhotic StimulationTime FactorsYoung Adult

Identifiers

PMID40956027
PMCPMC12448142

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.