ReviewImmunity, inflammation and disease2025
The Role of Persistent Inflammation in the Pathogenesis of Infected Nonunion: A Narrative Review.
Review in Immunity, inflammation and disease, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed.
- Case report:JSES reviews, reports, and techniques · 2026Article
- Injectable hydrogels for bone regeneration: from materials design to clinical translation.RSC advances · 2026Review
- Development and evaluation of a modified injectable calcium phosphate cement with enhanced injectability and mechanical stability for bone defect repair.BMC musculoskeletal disorders · 2026Article
- Clinical Diagnosis, Treatment, and Outcome Analysis of a Horse with Proximal Sesamoid Bone Fracture Complicated by Flexor Tendinitis.Veterinary sciences · 2026Article
- Nonunion in Long Bone Fractures: A Comprehensive Review of Current Treatment Strategies.Cureus · 2025Review
- The Role of Persistent Inflammation in the Pathogenesis of Infected Nonunion: A Narrative Review.Immunity, inflammation and disease · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
Abstract
introductionInfected Nonunion is a challenging condition that arises from infections at the fracture site, causing persistent inflammation and preventing proper healing of the fracture ends. This condition not only causes significant physical suffering but also imposes a heavy economic burden on patients. Despite the recognized link between Infected Nonunion and infection, the mechanisms underlying its occurrence and development remain incompletely understood. Recent studies have highlighted the close association between inflammatory factors and Infected Nonunion, suggesting that inflammation plays a pivotal role in its pathogenesis. However, a narrative review and summary of relevant literature are lacking. Therefore, this study aims to clarify the inflammatory mechanisms of Infected Nonunion and identify potential therapeutic targets.
methodsA comprehensive literature search was conducted to identify relevant domestic and international studies on the inflammatory mechanisms of Infected Nonunion. The search included databases such as PubMed using keywords related to Infected Nonunion, inflammation, and mechanisms. The selected studies were critically reviewed and summarized to extract key information on the inflammatory pathways, cytokines, and other relevant factors involved in Infected Nonunion.
resultsThe review identified several key inflammatory mechanisms that contribute to the development of Infected Nonunion. These include the activation of inflammatory cells, the release of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, and the disruption of normal fracture healing processes.
conclusionsThis narrative review elucidates novel perspectives on the inflammatory mechanisms in infected nonunion, with persistent inflammatory response triggered by pathogenic infection representing the core pathological process. The findings provide theoretical foundations for future research and therapeutic strategies, potentially facilitating the development of more effective treatments for infected nonunion. Targeted modulation of these inflammatory pathways may optimize fracture healing outcomes and alleviate the clinical burden of this condition.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.