Observational studyPediatric pulmonology2025
Respiratory Muscle Strength in Healthy Children Aged 6 Years and Under: An Observational Study.
Observational study in Pediatric pulmonology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Risk factors associated with disease severity among children hospitalised with community-acquired pneumonia in Angola.Journal of global health · 2026Observational
- Respiratory Muscle Strength in Healthy Children Aged 6 Years and Under: An Observational Study.Pediatric pulmonology · 2025Observational
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
study questionMeasurement of respiratory muscle strength is important in the assessment and management of neuromuscular diseases. Reference data are essential for interpretation of clinical findings, but are lacking in infants and young children. This study aimed to provide reference data for maximum inspiratory (PImax) and maximum expiratory (PEmax) pressures in children aged 6 years and under. MATERIALS AND
methodsHealthy, term-born children were eligible for inclusion. Age, height, weight and BMI were recorded, and height/weight/BMI-for-age percentiles calculated. PImax and PEmax were measured using a tight-fitting face mask attached to a pressure transducer during maximal inspiratory and expiratory efforts respectively, induced via crying in younger participants and volitionally in older children. The greatest pressure was reported from three values within 20% of one another. Repeat measurements were obtained within a week where possible.
resultsSixty-nine children aged 0.08-6.85 years were recruited, from whom technically-acceptable PImax and PEmax data were obtained in 45 and 38 cases respectively. PImax was significantly and inversely related to age (Spearman's rho -0.339, p = 0.046); PEmax was not related to any anthropometric characteristics. Neither PImax or PEmax differed between male and female participants. Predicted PImax was 120 + (-3.89xage); mean (SD) PEmax was 80.3 (21.7) cmH ANSWER TO THE STUDY QUESTION: This study provides the first contiguous reference range from infancy through to school age. Reference data are provided for PImax and PEmax along with information on repeatability.
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Registered trials
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