Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40955768›Full record

ArticleMacromolecular rapid communications2026

Polyglycerol-Based Lipids: A Next-Generation Alternative to PEG in Lipid Nanoparticles for Advanced Drug Delivery Systems.

Yara Ensminger, Rashmi Rashmi, Michael Karimov, Gideon Nölte, Markus Hafke, Ann-Cathrin Schmitt, David Díaz-Oviedo, Johannes Köbberling, Rainer Haag

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Macromolecular rapid communications, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Yara EnsmingerInstitute For Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
Rashmi RashmiInstitute For Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
Michael KarimovChemical and Pharmaceutical Development, Bayer AG Pharmaceuticals, Berlin, Germany.
Gideon NölteInstitute For Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0000-2279-5746
Markus HafkeChemical and Pharmaceutical Development, Bayer AG Pharmaceuticals, Berlin, Germany.
Ann-Cathrin SchmittInstitute For Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
David Díaz-OviedoDrug Discovery Sciences, Bayer AG Pharmaceuticals, Wuppertal, Germany.
Johannes KöbberlingDrug Discovery Sciences, Bayer AG Pharmaceuticals, Wuppertal, Germany.
Rainer HaagInstitute For Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3840-162X

Funding

German Research Foundation 434130070
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Polyethylene glycol (PEG) is widely used to provide a stealth effect in various therapeutic applications. However, an increased occurrence of anti-PEG antibodies in patients can lead to immunological side effects and accelerated blood clearance, reducing the efficiency of PEG-based delivery vectors. One of these PEG-containing vectors is lipid nanoparticles (LNPs), which effectively deliver nucleic acids. Their high potential for treating a great number of diseases in the future was already showcased in the mRNA vaccines developed during the COVID-19 pandemic. Thus, the aim of our study was to formulate LNP systems utilizing linear polyglycerol (lPG) as an alternative stealth polymer to avoid anti-PEG antibodies while enabling mRNA delivery. Our study showed that lPG-functionalized LNPs had negligible binding to IgG anti-PEG antibodies, while successfully delivering eGFP mRNA into HepG2 cells with comparable transfection efficiency as PEGylated LNPs.

Indexed as

Drug Delivery SystemsGlycerolLipidsNanoparticlesPolyethylene GlycolsPolymersGene Transfer TechniquesGreen Fluorescent ProteinsHep G2 CellsHumansLiposomesRNA, MessengerGlycerolGreen Fluorescent ProteinsLipid NanoparticlesLipidsLiposomesPolyethylene GlycolspolyglycerolPolymersRNA, Messengergene deliverylipid nanoparticlespeg‐replacementpolyglycerol

Identifiers

PMID40955768
PMCPMC13384789

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.