Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40955636›Full record

ArticleAdvanced healthcare materials2026

Injectable Deep Eutectic Solvent-Based Ionic Gel With Rapid Gelation and Broad Hemostatic Functionality.

Jia-Yu Yang, En-Yu Zhou, Ting-Hui Cheng, Pin-Hung Liu, Wen-Ching Hsieh, Hui-Ching Cheng, Yi-Kai Hong, Yu-Chen Lin, Yi-Chiung Hsu, Chao-Chun Yang and 4 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Advanced healthcare materials, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors.

Jia-Yu YangInstitute of Medical Science and Technology, National Sun Yat-sen University, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan.ORCID 0009-0008-7048-086X
En-Yu ZhouInstitute of Medical Science and Technology, National Sun Yat-sen University, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan.
Ting-Hui ChengInstitute of Medical Science and Technology, National Sun Yat-sen University, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan.
Pin-Hung LiuInstitute of Medical Science and Technology, National Sun Yat-sen University, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan.
Wen-Ching HsiehDepartment of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, National Central University, Taoyuan, 320, Taiwan.
Hui-Ching ChengDepartment of Dermatology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan.
Yi-Kai HongDepartment of Dermatology, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, 60208, USA.
Yu-Chen LinDepartment of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, 833401, Taiwan.
Yi-Chiung HsuDepartment of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, National Central University, Taoyuan, 320, Taiwan.
Chao-Chun YangDepartment of Dermatology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan.
Chao-Kai HsuDepartment of Dermatology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan.
Li-Chieh KuoDepartment of Occupational Therapy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan.
Shang-Chin HsiehDepartment of Plastic Surgery, Kaohsiung Armed Forces General Hospital, Kaohsiung, 80284, Taiwan.
Cheng-Hsin ChuangInstitute of Medical Science and Technology, National Sun Yat-sen University, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan.ORCID 0000-0001-9097-1377

Funding

Kaohsiung Armed Forces General Hospital MND-MAB-A-114-209National Science and Technology Council 111-2221-E-110-048-MY3
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Rapid and effective bleeding control is critical in emergency care and surgical procedures. This study presents a water-free ionic gel based on a deep eutectic solvent (DES), formulated from choline chloride and ethylene glycol, combined with poly(acrylic acid) and viscosity-modulating additives such as hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) or collagen (COL). The resulting DES ionic gel exhibits fast in situ gelation within 10 s, high viscosity suitable for injection, and robust tissue adhesion. Mechanical evaluations confirmed adequate stretchability, compressive strength, and toughness. Among all tested formulations, the DES-2% HEC formulation demonstrated optimal performance across swelling, optical clarity (> 90%), and environmental stability (T

Indexed as

CelluloseDeep Eutectic SolventsHemostaticsAnimalsCholineEscherichia coliFibroblastsGelsHumansMiceRatsRats, Sprague-DawleyCelluloseCholineDeep Eutectic SolventsGelsHemostaticshydroxyethylcelluloseantibacterialbiocompatibilitydeep eutectic solventhemostasisionic geltissue adhesion

Identifiers

PMID40955636
PMCPMC12817119

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.