Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40955220›Full record

ArticleCureus2025

Evaluation of the Levonorgestrel-Releasing Intrauterine System Following Difficult Insertion in Perimenopausal Women: A Case Report.

Kia Hui Lim, Jill C Lee

Abstract readCase Reports
In one paragraph

Article in Cureus, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Kia Hui LimDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, National University Hospital, Singapore, SGP.
Jill C LeeDepartment of Urogynaecology, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, SGP.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system (LNG-IUS) is a widely used long-acting reversible contraceptive, offering high efficacy and therapeutic benefits. Although generally safe, mechanical complications such as malposition, perforation, or retained components can occur. We report a case of concealed LNG-IUS arms in a perimenopausal patient following a difficult insertion, illustrating a rare but clinically significant complication. Challenging insertions or removals, particularly in patients with a narrowed cervix or uterine anatomical changes, should raise suspicion for suboptimal device placement. When malposition is suspected, orthogonal two-dimensional (2D) transvaginal ultrasound views can improve visualization and guide management. Awareness of arm retraction within the hormonal sleeve is essential to avoid unnecessary imaging or surgical intervention. Thorough device inspection, including sleeve dissection when required, should be the first step when missing arms are suspected. This report emphasizes the importance of anticipating complications during difficult LNG-IUS insertions or removals and outlines practical diagnostic strategies for suspected malposition, maldeployment, or retained components.

Indexed as

concealed lng-ius armsdifficult cannulationius complicationius expulsionmirenamissing lng-ius armsperimenopausetransverse transvaginal ultrasound

Identifiers

PMID40955220
PMCPMC12433712

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.