Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40954344›Full record

ArticleSocial psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology2026

Association of social determinants of health and psychological distress among adults in the united states: a cross-sectional study.

Jiehua Wei, Linbin He, Luying Fan, Fan Xia, Lizhang Chen, Tingting Wang

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In one paragraph

Article in Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Jiehua Wei *Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, 110 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China.
Linbin He *Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, 110 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China.
Luying FanDepartment of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, 110 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China.
Fan XiaDepartment of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, 110 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China.
Lizhang ChenDepartment of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, 110 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China. liche4005@126.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5426-0519
Tingting WangDepartment of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, 110 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China. wangting91123@126.com.

Funding

National Natural Science Foundation of China Grant No. 81973137 and Grant No. 82173608Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province Grant No. 2022JJ40207
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposePsychological distress (PD) affects health and healthcare utilization. This study uses a novel, comprehensive social determinants of health (SDOH) risk score to examine the association between cumulative social disadvantage and PD in a large, nationally representative sample from the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS).

methodsData from the 2013 to 2017 NHIS was employed, including 124,361 adults aged ≥ 18 years. The Kessler 6 scale was used to assess PD. We measured SDOH across five domains: economic stability, education, healthcare system, neighborhood, and food security. An SDOH aggregate score was calculated, representing the cumulative number of individual unfavorable SDOH. Multivariable models were utilized to examine the association between SDOH score quartiles and PD.

resultsA total of 124,361 adults (mean [SD] age 50.2 [18.1] years; 67,035 women [53.9%]) were included in the analysis. In models fully adjusted for age, sex, ethnicity, region, cardiovascular risk factors, atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases, and comorbidities, participants in the highest quartile of adverse SDOH burden (Q4) were associated with higher odds of moderate PD (OR, 3.67; 95% CI, 3.42-3.93) and severe PD (OR, 15.23; 95% CI, 11.97-19.36), respectively, than those in Q1. At nearly each quartile, a higher prevalence rate of PD was observed among females, middle-aged, and non-Hispanic White adults compared to their counterparts.

conclusionsIn a large, nationally representative sample of US adults, adverse SDOH was associated with increased PD. Assessing and mitigating the multifaceted adverse SDOH could serve as a strategy to help identify individuals with PD and improve existing PD prevention frameworks.

Indexed as

Psychological DistressSocial Determinants of HealthStress, PsychologicalAdolescentAdultAgedCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHealth SurveysHumansMaleMiddle AgedRisk FactorsSocioeconomic FactorsUnited StatesYoung AdultHealth equityMental healthNational health interview surveyPsychological distressSocial determinants of health

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.