ArticleNature aging2025
Systems Age: a single blood methylation test to quantify aging heterogeneity across 11 physiological systems.
Article in Nature aging, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 62 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
62 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Post-traumatic stress disorder moderates the association between BrainAge acceleration and GrimAge acceleration.Neurobiology of aging · 2026Pooled it
- Semaglutide slows epigenetic aging in a randomized trial of HIV-associated lipohypertrophy.Nature communications · 2026Trial
- Relative impact of multidomain lifestyle interventions on deficit accumulation frailty over 24 months in the U.S. POINTER trial.The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences · 2026Trial
- Effects of daily multivitamin-multimineral and cocoa extract supplementation on epigenetic aging clocks in the COSMOS randomized clinical trial.Nature medicine · 2026Trial
- Epigenetic aging and DNA methylation biomarker changes following ketamine treatment in patients with MDD and PTSD: a pilot study.Translational psychiatry · 2025Trial
- Trial
- The CALERIE Genomic Data Resource.Nature aging · 2025Trial
- Effect of nicotinamide riboside on airway inflammation in COPD: a randomized, placebo-controlled trial.Nature aging · 2024Trial
- Organ-Specific Proteomic Aging Clocks Reveal Complexities Underlying the Healthy Drinking Paradox.Aging cell · 2026Review
- PROMETHEUS clinical trial protocol: tailoring healthy ageing with lifestyle and nutraceuticals.GeroScience · 2026Article
- Integrative prediction of Alzheimer's disease and related dementias using multi-omics aging clocks and genetic data.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2026Observational
- Article
- Exploring Epigenetic Aging and Cognitive Change in Middle Adulthood.The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences · 2026Article
- System-Specific Epigenetic Aging Signatures in Autistic Adults.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Longitudinal associations of one-carbon metabolism biomarkers with biological and epigenetic aging in older adults in India.GeroScience · 2026Article
- Responsiveness of epigenetic aging biomarkers to longevity interventions in humans.Nature medicine · 2026Article
- Histological aging signatures for monitoring tissue-specific aging and disease.Nature medicine · 2026Article
- DNA Methylation as a Programmable Information Layer: From Molecular Marks to Disease State Engineering.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Epigenetic aging and blood based neurodegeneration markers in LASI-DAD.The journal of prevention of Alzheimer's disease · 2026Article
- The Potential Physiologic Mechanisms by Which Early-Life Nutrition May Influence Type 2 Diabetes Pathophysiology in Humans.Annual review of nutrition · 2026Review
2 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Update of
Authors and funding
16 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Aging occurs at different rates across individuals and physiological systems, but most epigenetic clocks provide a single age estimate, overlooking within-person variation. Here we developed systems-based DNA methylation clocks that measure aging in 11 distinct physiological systems-Heart, Lung, Kidney, Liver, Brain, Immune, Inflammatory, Blood, Musculoskeletal, Hormone and Metabolic-using data from a single blood draw. By integrating supervised and unsupervised machine learning with clinical biomarkers, functional assessments and mortality risk, we derived system-specific scores that outperformed existing global clocks in predicting relevant diseases and aging phenotypes. We also created a composite Systems Age score to capture overall multisystem aging. Clustering individuals based on these scores revealed distinct biological aging subtypes, each associated with unique patterns of health decline and disease risk. This framework enables a more granular and clinically relevant assessment of biological aging and may support personalized approaches to monitor and target system-specific aging processes.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.