Development of a nurse-led clinical pathway to prevent delirium in older adults in general hospital wards: a realist review protocol.

introductionDelirium is a critical and complex neuropsychiatric syndrome that significantly affects older adults in general hospital wards. Although multicomponent interventions have been shown to be effective in preventing delirium, the consistent implementation remains a challenge. Also, to manage the complex pathway of patients from admission to discharge in hospital, the involvement of the nursing staff is essential. Developing a nurse-led clinical pathway for delirium prevention could provide a structured approach to improving care quality. For intervention development taking account of the complexity of the clinical environment, the UK Medical Research Council framework is frequently used. A core element of this framework is mapping a programme theory that explains how, for whom and in what circumstances an intervention may work. The realist review methodology is well suited to uncovering the underlying mechanisms, contexts and outcomes of interventions, translating these into a programme theory.The aim of this realist review is to develop a programme theory for a nurse-led clinical pathway to prevent delirium in older adults aged 65 years or older in general hospital wards and to identify strategies to support its effective implementation. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: The realist review is based on the methodical framework developed by Pawson ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: Since no data are collected as part of the review, ethical approval is not required. Findings will be disseminated through academic conferences and publication in a peer-reviewed journal. REGISTRATION: This protocol has been registered at Open Science Framework (https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/7EPTF).