Exploring factors underlying the use of nyaope in Tshwane, South Africa: A qualitative study.

Background: Nyaope increasing use has become a major public health concern, not only because of its detrimental health effects but also because of its far-reaching social consequences. This situation has caused distress for families, communities and the users themselves, contributing to ongoing cycles of dependency and instability at the social, family and individual levels. The aim of this study is to explore the perspectives of users regarding the factors underlying their use of and dependency on nyaope. Methods: An exploratory descriptive qualitative design was employed. Data were gathered from 10 nyaope users through semi-structured interviews. Results: Nyaope was widely and easily available, and purchases could be made with impunity. Factors such as peer pressure, boredom, poverty, unemployment and escapism all contributed to the initiation of nyaope use. Participants financed their habit through personal earnings, criminal activities and even support from family members. There was a pervasive sense of lawlessness associated with nyaope use, coupled with the stigmatisation and marginalisation of users by both their families and communities. Many users ultimately became part of a street-level nyaope brotherhood that perpetuated the use. Conclusion: Multisectoral and multifaceted interventions will be necessary to reduce the use of nyaope. Further research could quantify these factors and inform more effective prevention and treatment strategies. Contribution: These findings, along with input from community and family members, provide a comprehensive understanding of the factors related to nyaope use.