ArticleJournal of the colleges of medicine of South Africa2025
Factors influencing delayed presentation of periorbital carcinoma requiring orbital exenteration.
Article in Journal of the colleges of medicine of South Africa, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Ocular surface squamous neoplasia is the most widespread indication for orbital exenteration and the presenting feature of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in 50% to 86% of patients in endemic areas. Overall survival at 1 year post-exenteration ranged from 69.1% to 97.0%, according to a review article, with the lower rate attributed to delayed referral. Methods: A qualitative, descriptive phenomenological study was conducted to identify factors responsible for delayed presentation in advanced periorbital carcinoma requiring orbital exenteration. A total of 25 participants were enrolled using convenience sampling. Data were collected by means of a structured questionnaire and open-ended questions. The questionnaire was conducted as a semi-structured interview and recorded with a voice recorder, and the interviews were coded and themes were identified. Data were analysed using Colaizzi's seven steps for thematic analysis. Results: Six major themes were identified: a disregard for the seriousness of the condition; financial constraints; delays caused by the clinic; alternative treatment sought; stigma and fear; and relief and hope. Conclusion: Participants acknowledged that the mass was ignored. However, once healthcare was sought, many felt treatment was delayed as they had to wait for results or because of delayed appointment dates. A lack of financial freedom and a fear of loss of income further delayed participants. Traditional healers were sought as an adjunct to allopathic medicine to appease family. Stigma surrounding the loss of an eye burdened and alienated participants, but many were able to look to the future and forge a new hope and identity. Contribution: This study contributes to our understanding of the patient-related and systemic factors leading to delay. It highlights key barriers and and promotes earlier diagnosis and intervention.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.