ArticleFrontiers in public health2025
Exploring the willingness to pay for HPV vaccines and price sensitivity among Chinese college students: the impact of health literacy and vaccine hesitancy.
Article in Frontiers in public health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed.
- HPV vaccine awareness, uptake, intention, and influencing factors among medical students in Anhui, China: A cross-sectional study.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026Article
- Trends, disparities, and multilevel interventions: A global review of HPV vaccination among university students.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026Review
- Article
- HPV vaccination willingness and its determinants among male university students post-approval of male-specific HPV vaccines in China: a large-scale cross-sectional study.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Urban-rural disparities in HPV vaccination knowledge, willingness, and uptake among women in the Tibet autonomous region: a multi-center cross-sectional study.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Willingness to receive cross-border human papillomavirus vaccination among Chinese male university students: a cross-sectional study with statistical indirect-association analysis.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
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6 authors.
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Abstract
Background: Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection constitutes a substantial public health challenge in China. Despite proven vaccine efficacy, coverage remains critically low among high-risk sexually active college students. Out-of-pocket payment requirements contribute to the intention-behavior gap, while health literacy (HL) and vaccine hesitancy (VH) influence payment decisions. This study aims to directly quantify Chinese college students' willingness to pay (WTP) and price sensitivity, examining HL and VH as key determinants. Methods: A convenience sample of 4,928 students at Guangdong Medical University in Dongguan, China was selected to complete a cross-sectional online survey (June 16-July 16, 2024) on the "Wenjuanxing" platform. We assessed socioeconomic status, HPV knowledge, HL, VH, and WTP through the survey and applied the van Westendorp price sensitivity meter (PSM) to quantify HPV vaccine price sensitivity. Results: A total of 67.6% of the participants expressed a WTP for an out-of-pocket HPV vaccine, with 87.2% preferring nine-valent vaccines. Key factors identified included monthly expenses, medical insurance, HPV knowledge, HL, and the VH items' perceived necessity, importance, and vaccine safety. The van Westendorp PSM indicated that the market prices of the nine-valent vaccines exceeded the college students' acceptable price ranges. Conclusion: Examination of HL and VH provided a valuable framework for understanding the WTP for HPV vaccines. The van Westendorp PSM confirmed that the price sensitivity of the nine-valent HPV vaccine exceeded its affordability. Integrating vaccines into medical insurance, implementing targeted tiered subsidies (e.g., an optimal subsidy of 269.81 CNY, or at least 126.20 CNY), and conducting tailored education addressing HL/VH should be prioritized as potential solutions.
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