ArticleCureus2025
Infective Endocarditis Presenting As Meningeal Syndrome in an Intravenous Drug User: A Diagnostic Challenge.
Article in Cureus, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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5 authors.
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Abstract
Infective endocarditis (IE) commonly presents with fever, fatigue, and signs of systemic infection. However, atypical neurological manifestations may delay diagnosis, especially in high-risk populations such as intravenous drug users (IVDUs). We report the case of a 48-year-old man with a history of intravenous drug use who presented with fever, abdominal pain, and altered mental status. On examination, the patient had neck stiffness, a petechial rash, and positive Kernig's and Brudzinski's signs, all of which supported the presence of meningeal irritation. Laboratory studies revealed thrombocytopenia, elevated inflammatory markers, and abnormal liver enzymes. Imaging revealed subarachnoid hemorrhage, splenic and renal infarctions. The patient was admitted to intensive care, where he received broad-spectrum antibiotics and supportive therapy. Blood cultures grew
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