Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40950743›Full record

ArticleInternational review of social psychology2024

Effects of the Generic Masculine and Its Alternatives in Germanophone Countries: A Multi-Lab Replication and Extension of Stahlberg, Sczesny, and Braun (2001).

Hilmar Brohmer, Gabriela Hofer, Sebastian A Bauch, Julia Beitner, Jana B Berkessel, Katja Corcoran, David Garcia, Freya M Gruber, Fiorina Giuliani, Emanuel Jauk and 11 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in International review of social psychology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

21 authors.

Hilmar Brohmer *Department of Psychology, University of Graz, Graz, AT.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7763-4229
Gabriela Hofer *Department of Psychology, University of Graz, Graz, AT.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4407-1487
Sebastian A BauchDepartment of Psychology, University of Graz, Graz, AT.
Julia BeitnerDepartment of Psychology, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, DE.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2539-7011
Jana B BerkesselMannheim Centre for European Social Research, University of Mannheim, Mannheim, DE.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5053-6901
Katja CorcoranDepartment of Psychology, University of Graz, Graz, AT.
David GarciaUniversity of Konstanz, Konstanz, DE, Complex Science Hub Vienna, Vienna, AT.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2820-9151
Freya M GruberDepartment of Psychology, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, AT.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6673-6393
Fiorina GiulianiDepartment of Psychology, University of Zurich, CH.
Emanuel JaukInstitute of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Technical University of Dresden, Dresden, DE.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3267-1688
Georg KrammerInstitute of Business and Vocational Education, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Linz, AT.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1259-0349
Smirna MalkocInstitute for Education Practice and Practitioner Research, University College of Teacher Education Styria, Graz, AT.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3611-6067
Hannah MetzlerComplex Science Hub, Vienna, AT.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9254-3675
Hanna M MüesCenter for Public Health, Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, AT.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4076-262X
Kathleen OttoDepartment of Psychology, Philipps University of Marburg, Marburg, DE.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5737-2575
Rima-Maria RahalMax Planck Institute for Research on Collective Goods, Bonn, DE.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1404-0471
Mona SalwenderSchool of Social Sciences, University of Mannheim, Mannheim, DE.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8431-7707
Sabine SczesnyInstitute of Psychology, University of Bern, Bern, CH.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1666-1263
Dagmar StahlbergMannheim Center for European Social Research, University of Mannheim, Mannheim, DE.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5972-0641
Wilken WehrtDepartment of Work and Social Psychology, University of Maastricht, NL.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5564-1249
Ursula AthenstaedtDepartment of Psychology, University of Graz, Graz, AT.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3142-5506

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

In languages such as German, French, or Hindi, plural forms of job occupations and societal roles are often in a generic-masculine form instead of a gender-inclusive form. Although meant as 'generic,' this generic-masculine form excludes women from everyday language. Specifically, listeners and readers are less likely to think of women when this form is used. Due to the societal relevance of gender-inclusive language, we directly replicated and extended a classic study by Stahlberg, Sczesny, and Braun (2001, Experiment 2) in a multi-lab setting and as a registered confirmatory report. We prompted participants from German-speaking countries to name up to three celebrities each in six categories (e.g., 'Name three politicians' or '(…) singers'). We then counted how often participants mentioned women. Participants were either prompted with the generic-masculine form, a neutralized control form or one out of three gender-inclusive forms. Our data from twelve labs and

Indexed as

gender-fair languagegender-inclusive languagegeneric masculinemulti-site studyopen data

Identifiers

PMID40950743
PMCPMC12372777

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.