ArticleAnnals of translational medicine2025
Rheumatoid arthritis and risk of gallstone disease: a nation-wide population-based study.
Article in Annals of translational medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease associated with systemic inflammation and various comorbidities, including potential gallbladder disease. However, evidence linking RA to gallstones or cholecystectomy remains limited and inconsistent. This study assesses whether patients with RA are at higher risk of developing gallstones and undergoing cholecystectomy than individuals without RA. Methods: Using data from the Korean National Health Insurance Service, we identified 54,910 individuals diagnosed with RA between 2010 and 2017. After applying separate exclusion criteria for the analyses of developing gallstones and undergoing cholecystectomy, we matched those patients in a 1:3 ratio based on age and sex to derive a control population without RA. The study participants were followed from 1 year after their RA diagnosis or corresponding index date (lag period) to Dec. 31, 2020. Cox regression analyses were performed to estimate hazard ratios of developing gallstones and undergoing cholecystectomy compared with the matched controls. Results: We analyzed 46,523 patients with RA and 139,569 matched controls, with a follow-up period ranging from 3.5 to 7.3 years. During the follow-up, gallstone disease developed in 8.33% of patients with RA and 5.51% of the matched controls, corresponding to incidence rates of 15.69 and 10.09 per 1,000 person-years, respectively. The risk of incident gallstones was higher in the RA cohort than in the matched control group [adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) 1.58; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.52-1.65, P<0.001]. During the same period, 1.24 % of patients with RA and 1.1% of the matched control group underwent cholecystectomy, for incidence rates of 2.27 and 2.0 per 1,000 person-years, respectively. Patients with RA appear to have a marginally elevated risk of undergoing cholecystectomy, compared with matched controls (aHR 1.15, 95% CI 1.05-1.27, P=0.04). Conclusions: The risk of gallstone disease is higher in individuals with RA than in matched controls.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.