Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40949083›Full record

ArticleDiabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy2025

Prevalence and Comorbidity Network Analysis of Obesity and Related Complications: A Real-World Study Based on 233,004 Individuals.

Yaxin Xu, Wenchang Jia, Xiaoxuan Niu, Jing Wen, Dingrong Ji, Xiaopan Li, Ming Liu, Sunfang Jiang

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
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  3. Article
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  5. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Yaxin Xu *Department of Health Management Centre, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China.
Wenchang Jia *Department of Health Management Centre, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China.
Xiaoxuan Niu *Department of Nutrition, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China.
Jing WenDepartment of Health Management Centre, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China.
Dingrong JiDepartment of Health Management Centre, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China.
Xiaopan LiDepartment of Health Management Centre, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China.
Ming LiuDepartment of Health Management Centre, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China.
Sunfang JiangDepartment of Health Management Centre, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Purpose: To determine the prevalence of overweight/obesity and their major complications, and to map comorbidity relationships by means of large-scale, real-world data. Patients and Methods: This cross-sectional study included individuals undergoing routine health examinations from January 2021 to April 2024. Clinical and demographic data were systematically collected. Obesity-related complications were diagnosed using standardized criteria. Descriptive statistics assessed prevalence; correlation and network analyses characterized comorbidity relationships. Results: A total of 233,004 participants (57.5% male; mean age 43.51 ± 13.28 years) were enrolled. Among these, 41.1% were overweight and 6.1% had obesity. The most prevalent complications were dyslipidemia (30.9%), fatty liver disease (26.4%), and hyperuricemia (20.0%). Over 60% of participants had at least one obesity-related comorbidity. Network analysis indicated a central disease cluster comprising overweight/obesity, fatty liver disease, hypertension, diabetes, and carotid plaque, with diabetes playing a key role linking metabolic abnormalities to cardiovascular risks. Conclusion: Overweight prevalence was high in this large-scale examined population and frequently coexisted with multiple metabolic and cardiovascular conditions. Network analysis highlighted diabetes as a central condition, supporting early targeted interventions for overweight individuals to reduce obesity-related chronic disease burden.

Indexed as

comorbidity networkepidemiologyobesityobesity-related complicationsoverweight

Identifiers

PMID40949083
PMCPMC12423265

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.