Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40949076›Full record

ArticleCureus2025

Reconstruction of Oromandibular Defects With Radial Forearm Free Flaps and Fibular Free Flaps: One-Year Experience From Hospital Selayang and the National Cancer Institute, Malaysia.

Mohammad Azrul Abdul Rashid, Syahril Rizal Arsad, Rashdeen Fazwi Muhammad Nawawi

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Cureus, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Mohammad Azrul Abdul RashidHand and Microsurgery Unit, Department of Orthopedics, Hospital Selayang, Kuala Lumpur, MYS.
Syahril Rizal ArsadHand and Microsurgery Unit, Department of Orthopedics, Hospital Selayang, Kuala Lumpur, MYS.
Rashdeen Fazwi Muhammad NawawiHand and Microsurgery Unit, Department of Orthopedics, Hospital Selayang, Kuala Lumpur, MYS.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background Oromandibular defects are complex to reconstruct, often requiring free tissue transfer. Radial forearm free flaps (RFFFs) and vascularized fibular free flaps (VFFFs) are among the most established techniques. This study aimed to evaluate short-term outcomes, complications, and donor-site morbidity of RFFFs and VFFFs in oromandibular reconstruction over a one-year period at Hospital Selayang and the National Cancer Institute, Malaysia. Methodology A retrospective review was conducted of patients who underwent oromandibular reconstruction with RFFFs or VFFFs between July 2022 and July 2023. Outcomes assessed included flap survival, donor-site morbidity, and patient satisfaction. Results A total of 16 patients were included, of whom 10 received an RFFF and six received a VFFF. All RFFF cases achieved 100% early flap survival, while one VFFF case (13%) failed and required removal. Donor-site morbidity in the RFFF group included superficial radial nerve sensory deficits (70%), cold intolerance (40%), and dissatisfaction with scarring (40%). In the VFFF group, no foot drop, nerve injury, or ankle instability occurred; however, leg swelling (40%) and cold intolerance (40%) were reported. Conclusions Both RFFF and VFFF are effective for oromandibular reconstruction. RFFF is more suitable for soft tissue defects, while VFFF remains the preferred option for osseous reconstruction. To maximize outcomes, it is necessary to individually select flaps based on defect characteristics and patient factors.

Indexed as

donor-site morbidityfibular free flapfree tissue transferhead and neck reconstructionoromandibular reconstructionradial forearm free flap

Identifiers

PMID40949076
PMCPMC12428924

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