Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40947503›Full record

ArticleHealth promotion journal of Australia : official journal of Australian Association of Health Promotion Professionals2025

Investigation of Advertising and Food Environment Surrounding Primary Schools in New Zealand.

Kate Nicholls, Ajmol Ali, Carol Wham

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Health promotion journal of Australia : official journal of Australian Association of Health Promotion Professionals, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Investigation of Advertising and Food Environment Surrounding Primary Schools in New Zealand.Health promotion journal of Australia : official journal of Australian Association of Health Promotion Professionals · 2025
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Kate NichollsSchool of Sport, Exercise and Nutrition, Massey University, Auckland, New Zealand.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0000-9065-1242
Ajmol AliSchool of Sport, Exercise and Nutrition, Massey University, Auckland, New Zealand.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6093-1435
Carol WhamSchool of Sport, Exercise and Nutrition, Massey University, Auckland, New Zealand.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5136-1346

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveThe objective of this study is to examine food and beverage advertising and stores around New Zealand (NZ) primary schools.

methodsFood and beverage advertising and stores within 800 m of 18 primary schools in NZ were collected in August 2023. Food and beverage advertising and store characteristics were compared across low (1-3), medium (4-7) and high (8-10) decile schools, reflecting socioeconomic status.

results'Non-core' food and beverage advertisements (n = 426, 89%) outnumbered 'core' (n = 53, 11%) with sugar-sweetened beverages (n = 192, 40.1%) the most common category, and Coca-Cola the most common brand (n = 158, 33%, p = 0.033). Food stores were the most common location for food and beverage advertisements (97.1%, p ≤ 0.001). More food and beverage advertisements surrounded low (n = 406, 43%) and medium (n = 208, 43.4%) decile schools, with low-decile schools having more nearby advertisements (0-400 m) (n = 111, 57.5%). The most common food and beverage stores near schools were local fast-food (44.7%) and convenience stores (24.2%). Store type varied by school decile, with more convenience stores (51.9%) and fast-food chains (81.3%) near low-decile schools.

conclusions'Non-core' food and beverage advertising, local fast-food, fast-food chains and convenience stores were prevalent surrounding primary schools, particularly low and medium-decile schools. SO WHAT?: These findings highlight high levels of exposure to unhealthy food and beverage advertising and food stores, especially surrounding schools within low and medium socioeconomic areas.

Indexed as

AdvertisingCommerceFoodSchoolsBeveragesHumansNew Zealandchild obesityfood and beverage advertisingGoogle street viewhealthunhealthy

Identifiers

PMID40947503
PMCPMC12434149

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.