ArticleUltrasound in medicine & biology2025
Open-Source AI for Vastus Lateralis and Adipose Tissue Segmentation to Assess Muscle Size and Quality.
Article in Ultrasound in medicine & biology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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1 citing paper in PubMed.
- New Proposal in the Approach to Brachial Remodeling: The Melfa-Anastasia Arm Laxity System (MAALS).Aesthetic surgery journal. Open forum · 2026Article
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5 authors.
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Abstract
objectiveUltrasound imaging is a clinically feasible method for assessing muscle size and quality, but manual processing is time-consuming and difficult to scale. Existing artificial intelligence (AI) models measure muscle cross-sectional area, but they do not include assessments of muscle quality or account for the influence of subcutaneous adipose tissue thickness on echo intensity measurements. We developed an open-source AI model to accurately segment the vastus lateralis and subcutaneous adipose tissue in B-mode images for automating measurements of muscle size and quality.
methodsThe model was trained on 612 ultrasound images from 44 participants who had anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Model generalizability was evaluated on a test set of 50 images from 14 unique participants. A U-Net architecture with ResNet50 backbone was used for segmentation. Performance was assessed using the Dice coefficient and Intersection over Union (IoU). Agreement between model predictions and manual measurements was evaluated using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs), R² values and standard errors of measurement (SEM).
resultsDice coefficients were 0.9095 and 0.9654 for subcutaneous adipose tissue and vastus lateralis segmentation, respectively. Excellent agreement was observed between model predictions and manual measurements for cross-sectional area (ICC = 0.986), echo intensity (ICC = 0.991) and subcutaneous adipose tissue thickness (ICC = 0.996). The model demonstrated high reliability with low SEM values for clinical measurements (cross-sectional area: 1.15 cm², echo intensity: 1.28-1.78 a.u.).
conclusionWe developed an open-source AI model that accurately segments the vastus lateralis and subcutaneous adipose tissue in B-mode ultrasound images, enabling automated measurements of muscle size and quality.
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