ArticlePoultry science2025
Mitigating Heat Stress in Broilers: Effects of Bacillus subtilis Probiotic and Garlic (Allium sativum) Supplementation on Growth Performance, Antioxidant Status, Cecal Microbiota and Immune Response.
Article in Poultry science, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed.
- Unlocking the Potential ofBiology · 2026Review
- Next-Generation Probiotics in Poultry: From Conventional Strains to Engineered and Synbiotic Approaches.Microorganisms · 2026Review
- Lactic-fermented red onion (Allium cepa L.) extract in drinking water improves feed efficiency, selectively modulates cecal microbiota, and reduces ammonia emission in heat-stressed yellow-feather chickens.Tropical animal health and production · 2026Article
- Compound Probiotics Alleviate Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis Induced by Heat Stress in Broilers.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2026Article
- The Synergistic Effect of Vitamin C Supplementation and Early Feed Withdrawal on Heat Stress Mitigation in Broiler Chickens.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025Article
- The role of gut microbiota-derived metabolites in modulating poultry immunometabolism.Frontiers in physiology · 2025Review
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
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Abstract
This study evaluated the effects of Bacillus subtilis and garlic supplementation on growth performance, oxidative stress, and immune response in heat-stressed broilers. A total of 320-day-old Hubbard broiler chicks were randomly allocated to four dietary treatments: a control group (thermoneutral) and three heat-stressed groups supplemented with Bacillus subtilis at 3 × 10¹⁰, 4 × 10¹⁰, and 5 × 10¹⁰ CFU/kg each combined with 1 % garlic powder. Heat stress was induced by maintaining the temperature at 32-35°C for three hours daily from day 22-35. Broilers were evaluated for feed intake (FI), weight gain (WG), feed conversion ratio (FCR), malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, cecal microbiota composition, and differential leukocyte counts (DLC). The results showed that higher levels of Bacillus subtilis (4 × 10¹⁰ and 5 × 10¹⁰ CFU/kg) with 1 % garlic significantly (P < 0.001) improved FI, WG, and FCR during the finisher phase. Supplemented groups exhibited lower MDA levels, indicating reduced oxidative stress (P < 0.001). Moreover, DLC analysis revealed enhanced immune function, with reduced heterophil counts and increased monocyte and eosinophil percentages (P < 0.05). No significant differences were observed in cecal microbiota composition. Overall, 5 × 10¹⁰ CFU/kg Bacillus subtilis + 1 % garlic showed the best performance, demonstrating its potential as an effective strategy to mitigate heat stress in broilers.
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