Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40944622›Full record

ArticleHuman brain mapping2025

Trauma Timing and Its Impact on Brain Activation During Flexible Emotion Regulation in PTSD: Insights From Functional MRI.

Sijun Liu, Yunxiao Guo, Wei Liu, Yuyi Zhang, Junrong Zhao, Yinong Liu, Lianzhong Liu, Zhihong Ren

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Human brain mapping, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Sijun LiuKey Laboratory of Adolescent Cyberpsychology and Behavior (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Human Development and Mental Health of Hubei Province, School of Psychology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China.ORCID 0009-0003-2813-3833
Yunxiao GuoKey Laboratory of Adolescent Cyberpsychology and Behavior (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Human Development and Mental Health of Hubei Province, School of Psychology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China.
Wei LiuKey Laboratory of Adolescent Cyberpsychology and Behavior (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Human Development and Mental Health of Hubei Province, School of Psychology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China.
Yuyi ZhangKey Laboratory of Adolescent Cyberpsychology and Behavior (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Human Development and Mental Health of Hubei Province, School of Psychology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China.
Junrong ZhaoKey Laboratory of Adolescent Cyberpsychology and Behavior (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Human Development and Mental Health of Hubei Province, School of Psychology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China.
Yinong LiuKey Laboratory of Adolescent Cyberpsychology and Behavior (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Human Development and Mental Health of Hubei Province, School of Psychology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China.
Lianzhong LiuWuhan Wudong Hospital (Wuhan Second Mental Hospital), Wuhan, China.
Zhihong RenKey Laboratory of Adolescent Cyberpsychology and Behavior (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Human Development and Mental Health of Hubei Province, School of Psychology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China.

Funding

Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities CCNU23ZZ001Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities CCNU24JCPT034National Natural Science Foundation of China 32171086
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Patients with Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) exhibit deficits in flexible emotion regulation and display abnormal brain activation patterns. Previous research has not examined how the age at which trauma occurs influences associated behavioral and neural abnormalities. In this study, 76 adult participants (60.5% women) diagnosed with PTSD were categorized into three age-matched groups based on the age at trauma onset: childhood, adolescence, and adulthood. Forty-five healthy adults served as a control group. All participants engaged in the Shifted Attention Emotion Appraisal Task (SEAT) while undergoing functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Our findings reveal that both the childhood and adulthood trauma groups showed significantly greater activation in the left thalamus, left frontal gyrus, and Brodmann Area 48 compared to the adolescent trauma group. Additionally, the childhood trauma group exhibited higher activation in the left inferior frontal gyrus than the adolescent group and greater activation in the left pregenual anterior cingulate cortex compared to the adulthood trauma group. These results highlight the critical role of trauma timing in understanding the behavioral and neural dimensions of PTSD, offering new insights for clinical intervention and treatment strategies.

Indexed as

BrainEmotional RegulationStress Disorders, Post-TraumaticThalamusAdolescentAdultBrain MappingFemaleGyrus CinguliHumansMagnetic Resonance ImagingMaleMiddle AgedPrefrontal CortexYoung Adultbiomarkeremotional regulationfMRIimplicit emotionPTSDtrauma timing

Identifiers

PMID40944622
PMCPMC12432989

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.